Fastness to organic solvents

DIN 54 023-1984 Bestimmung der Losungsmittelechtheit von Farbungen und Drucken. ISO 105-X05-1987 Textiles - Tests for colour fastness, Part X05 Colour fastness to organic solvents. 

Although inferior fastness to organic solvents, involving unsatisfactory migration properties, excludes P.Y.l from important areas of application, such as baking enamels, there are certain conditions under which it maybe applied in such media. The user must in this case observe a certain concentration limit beyond which the pigment may bloom. The pigment is stable up to 140°C. 

The technical applicability of (J-naphthol pigments is severely limited by poor fastness to organic solvents and migration. 

Its fastness to organic solvents and chemicals corresponds to that of other representatives of group II Naphthol AS pigments (Sec. 2.6.2). Consequently, P.R.253 is almost completely fast to overpainting. 

Both the barium lake P.R.49 1 and the calcium lake P.R.49 2 resemble Lake Red C pigments (P.R.53 1) in terms of fastness to organic solvents, to alkali and acid, and to fastness in application. However, P.R.49 grades are much less heat stable, which narrows their applicability in plastics. Areas of application, especially in the USA, include elastomers, to a lesser extent also inexpensive industrial paints, air drying and nitro paints. Their main market, however, is in printing inks. 

The strontium lake performs like barium lakes of P.R.53 1 and is equally fast to organic solvents, to alkali and acid. Both types are equally heat stable and light-fast, for instance in print. Coloristically, the strontium salt of P.R.53 is yellower, but it does not quite match the shade of the above-mentioned novel crystal modification of the barium lake. P.R.53 3 is generally being used for the same purposes as P.R.53 . 

P.R.58 4 is primarily used in general industrial paints, where its full shade and related shades are of interest. This is also true for other manganese pigment lakes. In full shade, P.R.58 4 affords deep carmine shades, but white reductions provide only very dull, bluish shades of red. The pigment is fast to organic solvents and... 

P.R.66, a barium salt, is sold only in the USA. The pigment is also available as an aluminum oxide hydrate precipitate. Its shade is considered a brilliant medium red, which is somewhat yellower than that of the chemically related P.R.67. Commercial types of P.R.66 are very transparent. The pigment is highly sensitive to acid, alkali, and soap. Its fastness to organic solvents is poor, its fastness to overcoating as well. P.R.66 exhibits limited lightfastness. Its main application is in metal deco printing. 

P.R.67, a barium salt, is also available in the form of an aluminum oxide hydrate precipitate. Its shade is bluer compared to the chemically related P.R.66, it is referred to as a bright bluish red. Commercial types are transparent and tinctorially strong. P.R.67 is used especially in metal deco printing. The prints do not tolerate acid, alkali, or soap. They show only limited fastness to organic solvents and to... 

P.Y.173, an isoindolinone pigment, affords somewhat dull, greenish yellow shades. It shows average fastness to organic solvents, especially to alcohols (ethanol), esters (ethyl acetate), and ketones (including methylethylketone and cyclohexanone). Its solvent resistance equals step 3 on the 5 step scale. P.Y.173 is almost completely to completely fast to mineral spirits and xylene. 

P.O.61 affords yellowish shades of orange. It is noticeably less fast to organic solvents than comparative yellow types within the same class of pigments. 

The prints exhibit excellent application properties. They are, for instance, entirely fast to organic solvents, soap, alkali, and acids. They are also fast to sterilization. Metal deco prints demonstrate very good heat stability. The products withstand exposure to 200°C for 10 minutes or to 180°C for 30 minutes. Although not quite as fast to heat as halogenated types of Copper Phthalocyanine Green, P.B.15 3 is thus somewhat more heat stable than stabilized a-Copper Phthalocyanine Blue. 

P.R.190 has a relatively small impact on the market. It is a specialty product for industrial paints, especially for automotive finishes, but offers no advantage over other members of its class. Its shade is dull and referred to as scarlet. In white reductions, the commercial type is very bluish and equally dull. The particle sizes of this product are too coarse for it to be used in metallic finishes. P.R.190 is very durable and very fast to organic solvents and to migration. The pigment is heat stable up to processing temperatures of 200°C. Despite its good heat stability, the pigment possesses only limited commercial value as a colorant for plastics. 

P.V.29 types demonstrate excellent weatherfastness, much more so than other perylene pigments. Their impact on the market, however, is limited by their very dull shade of maroon. Full shades are deep brown, almost black. The pigment is very fast to organic solvents and overcoating. Commercial types are utilized especially in metallic finishes. Full shades frequently bronze upon exposure to weather. 

P.R.88 is also used for printing inks. Its red-violet shade is especially used for printing inks which are to be targeted for packaging, posters, and other special purposes. The prints are entirely fast to organic solvents, plasticizers, and packaged goods, such as butter and soap. P.R.88 prints are fast to alkali and acid, heat stable up to 200°C, and fast to sterilization. 

High quality inorganic tmd organic coloured pigments are widely used in formulating thermosetting acrylic paints. They should be selected on the basis of fastness to organic solvents, such as aromatic hydrocarbons, esters or ketones, and heat resistance. 

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