Fast neutron activation analysis

Comparison of Various FNAA Techniques for Assay of Synthetic Octol Samples Precision of Single-Axis Rotation FNAA for Assay of Octol Plant Samples Fast Neutron Activation Analysis for Nitrogen in Explosives by... 

A modem technique for nitrogen detn is known as fast neutron activation analysis. Materials such as RDX are exposed to a high density fast neutron flux which converts the 14N content of the sample into unstable 13N. The N is detd by measuring the 13 N produced by the 14N (n, 2n) 13N reaction. This technique is extremely sensitive, but requires specialized instrumentation (Refs 44, 51 61)... 

Wilkniss, Fast Neutron Activation Analysis For Nitrogen in Explosives and Propellants , RadiochimActa 7 (4), 196—8 (1967) CA 68, 4570 (1968) 45) Anon, Fropeilant,... 

Fast Neutron Activation Analysis for Nitrogen in Explosives by Triple-Axis Rotation... 

Fast Neutron Activation Analysis Programming language Formula Translation Fourier Transform... 

Hult, M. and Fessler, A. (1998). Sr/Ca mass ratio determination in bones using fast neutron activation analysis. Applied Radiation and Isotopes 49 1319-1323. 

The most common sources are based on the 3H(d, n) reaction. Deuterons are accelerated to 150 keV with currents 2.5 mA and strike a tritium target. They produce 2 x 1011 of 14-MeV neutrons/s under these conditions. The neutrons produced are widely used in fast neutron activation analysis for the determination of light elements. The tritium targets are typically metals such as Ti, which have been loaded with titanium tritide. The accelerators are usually small Cockcroft-Walton machines or small sealed-tube devices where the ion source and accelerator structure are combined to produce a less expensive device with neutron yields 108/s. 

FAST NEUTRON ACTIVATION ANALYSIS—John W. McKIveen SOLAR HEATING AND COOLING OF BUILDINGS—Richard S. Greeley ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH CHEMISTRY—James D. McKinney ASBESTOS PARTICLE ATLAS—Walter C. McCrone CONTAMINANTS AND SEDIMENTS—Vol. 1 2—Robert A. Baker METHANE GENERATION RECOVERY FROM LANDFILLS—EMCON Associates... 

Mesuere et al. [99] and Gerringa et al. [100] have reviewed methods for the determination of copper in soils. Residual copper(II) complexes have been determined in soil by electron spin resonance spectroscopy. Fast neutron activation analysis has been studied [101] as a screening technique for copper and (zinc) in waste soils. Experiments were conducted in a sealed tube neutron generator and a germanium y-ray detector. 

Fast neutron activation analysis has been studied as a screening technique for zinc (and copper) in waste soils [247]. Experiments were conducted in a sealed tube neutron generator and a germanium X-ray detector. 

Vogt, J. R., and W. D. Ehmann An Automated Procedure for the Determination of Oxygen Using Fast Neutron Activation Analysis Oxygen in Stony Meteorites. Radiochim. Acta 4, 24 (1965). 

Broadhead, K. G., D. E. Shanks, and H. H. Heady Fast-Neutron Activation Analysis in Molten Salt Electrometallurgical Research. Modern Trends in Activation Analysis-Proceedings of the 1965 International Conference in College Station, Texas, April, 1965. A and M College of Texas, College Station, Texas, pp. 39—43 (1965). 

Wood, D. E., P. L. Jessen, and R. E. Wood Industrial Application of Fast Neutron Activation Analysis for Protein Content of Food Products. Paper presented at the 52nd Annual Meeting of the American Association of Cereal Chemists, Los Angeles, California, April, 1967. 

Gorski, L., W. Kusch, and J. Wojtkowska Fast Neutron Activation Analysis for Determination of Copper Content of Lower Silesian Copper Deposits. Talanta 11, 1135 (1964). 

The most utilized methods include X-ray fluorescence (XRF), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), activation analysis (AA), optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and inductively coupled plasma (ICP), mass spectroscopy (MS). Less frequently used techniques include ion-selective electrode (ISE), proton induced X-ray emission (PIXE), and ion chromatography (IC). In different laboratories each of these methods may be practiced by using one of several optional approaches or techniques. For instance, activation analysis may involve conventional thermal neutron activation analyses, fast neutron activation analysis, photon activation analysis, prompt gamma activation analysis, or activation analysis with radio chemical separations. X-ray fluorescence options include both wave-length and/or energy dispersive techniques. Atomic absorption spectroscopy options include both conventional flame and flameless graphite tube techniques. 

The techniques used were mainly based on either pyrohydrolysis or melting followed by ISE potentiometry (5 laboratories), fusion followed by 1C fluorescence, and fast neutron activation analysis. 

The solubility of lithium oxide U2O in liquid lithium was recently determined by fast neutron activation analysis after sampling oxide-satmated lithium samples in the temperature range from 195 to 734 °C The results can be expressed by the satura-... 

The NAA technique makes use of the slow neutrons. However, the epithermal and fast neutrons may also be used for the activation. An NAA technique that employs only epithermal neutrons to induce (n, y) reactions by irradiating the samples being analyzed inside either cadmium or boron shields is called epithermal neutron activation analysis (ENAA). An NAA technique that employs nuclear reactions induced by fast neutrons is called fast neutron activation analysis (FNAA). 

ENAA epithermal neutron activation analysis FNAA fast-neutron activation analysis FWHM full width at half maximum I beam intensity... 

FNAA fast neutron activation analysis IP ion pairing... 

---