Fabric backings

A grass-like recreational surface system includes the top material directly available for use and observation, backing materials that serve to hold together or reinforce the system, fabric-backing finish, a shock-absorbing underpad system if any, and adhesives (qv) or other joining materials. The system is installed... 

Another difference between hot and cold elastomeric SBR latices is that hot types are carried to < 90% conversion and not normally shortstopped. The cold latices are usually shortstopped at ca 60—80% conversion. Again the desired physical properties of the contained copolymer are responsible for these differences. Cold latices are used in applications where the modulus, eg, in foam, or retention of physical properties at high filler loadings, eg, in fabric backing, are required. The cold latices are generally suppHed at a higher soHds concentration than the hot series because of these uses. 

Application in rubber blends, which used to be an important market for P.R.4, has suffered from increasingly stringent requirements. P.R.4 bleeds considerably during curing into overlaid white rubber sheets, while it hardly bleeds into the fabric backing (Sec. 1.8.3.6). 

P.B1.25 is very fast in application it is fast to fats, oils, soap, and paraffin, which makes it a suitable candidate for packaging inks. Its lightfastness, however, is not excellent. In natural rubber, P.B1.25 tolerates curing very well, and it bleeds neither into the rubber nor into the fabric backing (Sec. 1.8.3.6). In rubber, the pigment is fast to cold and hot water, to soap, soda, and alkali solutions, and to acetic acid. 

Glass-fibre fabric coated with polytetrafluorethylene Natural and silicone rubbers (silicone with fabric backing)... 

PA membrane surface Polymeric support Fabric backing... 

The treated fabric, backed by a weighed piece of blotter paper, is sprayed with water under constant hydrostatic pressure for 5 min. The weight gain of the paper after the test is recorded. This test requires a special apparatus. 

Polypropylene sheet appeared in the 1950s, first as a plain white sheet, then, like the early PVC sheet, with a fabric backing laminated to it. No effective bonding agent was ever found for this material, and this author has not heard of its use in this manner for a number of years. However, there is available a sheet lining material having a sheet of polypropylene laminated to a sheet of natural or synthetic rubber to provide an adhesive accepting surface. 

Fabrilite [Du Pont]. TM for vinyl-coated fabrics and selected vinyl compounds without fabric backing. 

Thus all successful chlor-alkali membranes currently employ a perfluorocarboxylate polymer to lower the rate of hydroxide ion transport. The sulfonate portion of some of these membranes is present mainly to add strength to the thinner carboxylate barrier layer. Fabric backing is also used in some cases to improve physical strength. 

Nafion 295 shows a different type of dependence in tjja+ with increasing NaOH concentration. The shape of this curve is not unique to this bilayer membrane, but has been seen in similar Nafion products as well. Figure 9 shows a corresponding plot for Nafion 227, which is a fabric-backed material composed of 1200 EW polymer with the cathode surface converted to sulfonamide... 

The Nafion membranes are produced in this way and with a fabric backing such as PTFE or mixed PTFE - rayon fabrics These supporting materials improve the mechanical strength of the film and keep the dimensional changes in bounds In general, for chlor-alkali electrolysis, the side of the membrane with the highest resistance, selectivity and charge density is preferred toward the cathode side to limit the undesirable effects of the back flow of hydroxide ions into the anode chamber The anolyte side of the membrane polymer is thus less dense, less selective and more conductive than the catholyte side of the separator film ... 

Cast the mass in step 2 on a release sheet apply a nonwoven fabric backing to a surface of the mass. 

Fabric-backed sheets of almost all fluoropolymers, whether perfluorinated or partially fluorinated, can be purchased for lining equipment. Several companies offer these product including Electrochemical Engineering and Manufacturing, SYMAEIT and Allied Supreme Corp.l" ... 

Nozzles. Nozzles are fabricated form the same sheet materials and inserted over an adhesive. For nozzles less than 76 mm, extruded inserts without the fabric backing are used. 

Symalit lining laminates, glass fabric backed Epoxy resin... 

The principle of dual laminate construction is to line an FRP vessel or column with a fluoropolymer lining. However, the sequence of construction is to first make the liner out of fabric-backed sheets the same as in the adhesively bonded construction. The FRP structure is then laminated on the liner to pro-... 

Figure 8.26 Hot-gas weiding of fabric-backed fiuoropoiymer sheets prior to iaminating. (Courtesy CPF Dualam.)...

When you reach the right side of the twigs, weave the remaining strip of fabric back toward you. Tie a knot where the fabric ends meet. Be sure not to pull the woven fabric too tight. You want the twigs to lie flat against a table. 

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