Experimental Results and Modeling

It is apparent from Figure 10.14a that significant deviations from equation (10.160) occur at higher temperatures. Barron and Morrison" report from an analysis of experimental results and model systems that the T2 relationship should be accurately followed for T<9D/100, with significant deviations occurring for T<9D/50. This latter limit is approximately the temperature where we have shown in Figure 10.14a that deviations become important for Kr. 

K. Heincke, B. Demuth, H. J. Joerdening, and K. Buchholz, Kinetics of the dextransucrase acceptor reaction with maltose Experimental results and modeling, Enzyme Microb. Technol., 24 (1999) 523-534. 

Williams, M.D., Adams, W.J., Parkerton, T.F., Biddinger, G.R., and Robillard, K.A. Sediment sorption coefficient measurements for four phthalate esters experimental results and model theory, firwro/r. Toxicol. Chem., 14(9) 1477-1486,1995. 

Fig. 8.27 Adsorption isotherms of methyl green (MG), diquat (DQ) and paraquat (PQ) on sepio-Ute. Reprinted from Rytwo G, Tropp T, Serban C (2002) Adsorption of diquat, paraquat and methyl green on sepiolite experimental results and model calculations. Applied Clay Sci 20 273-282. Copyright 2002 with permission of Elsevier...

A series of experiments have been performed with a stoichiometric feed ratio of acetic acid and methanol. The reflux ratio was kept constant at a value of 2.0, the feed flow rate at a value of 3.0 kg/h, while the heat duty to the reboiler was varied over a wide range. A comparison of experimental results and model prediction for the liquid-phase composition profiles along the column is given in Figure 27 for different reboiler duties (151). The theoretical values are displayed with continuous lines and empty symbols, whereas the experimental data measured along the... 

Comparison between Experimental Results and Model Predictions. As will be shown later, the important parameter e which represents the mechanism of radical entry into the micelles and particles in the water phase does not affect the steady-state values of monomer conversion and the number of polymer particles when the first reactor is operated at comparatively shorter or longer mean residence times, while the transient kinetic behavior at the start of polymerization or the steady-state values of monomer conversion and particle number at intermediate value of mean residence time depend on the form of e. However, the form of e influences significantly the polydispersity index M /M of the polymers produced at steady state. It is, therefore, preferable to determine the form of e from the examination of the experimental values of Mw/Mn The effect of radical capture mechanism on the value of M /M can be predicted theoretically as shown in Table II, provided that the polymers produced by chain transfer reaction to monomer molecules can be neglected compared to those formed by mutual termination. Degraff and Poehlein(2) reported that experimental values of M /M were between 2 and 3, rather close to 2, as shown in Figure 2. Comparing their experimental values with the theoretical values in Table II, it seems that the radicals in the water phase are not captured in proportion to the surface area of a micelle and a particle but are captured rather in proportion to the first power of the diameters of a micelle and a particle or less than the first power. This indicates that the form of e would be Case A or Case B. In this discussion, therefore, Case A will be used as the form of e for simplicity. 

Gourgouillon D, Nunes da Ponte M (1999) High pressure phase equilibria for poly(ethylene glycol) s + C02 experimental results and modelling. Phys Chem Chem Phys l(23) 5369-5375... 

One additional example of the same general type of behavior is demonstrated by the carbon dioxide - ethanol system. Three measured isotherms for this system are presented in Figure 3. No comparable set of experimental results appears to be available in the open literature. Again, agreement between experimental results and model predictions is good. 

Lee KY, Chrysikopoulos CV (2002) Dissolution of a well-defined trichloroethylene pool in saturated porous media experimental results and model simulations. Water Res 36 3911-3918... 

The aim of this contribution is to represent the widespread occurrence of r-type radical ions in a variety of electron-transfer processes it should help to illustrate the state of the art in terms of the identification and characterizations of aromatic compounds in a variety of redox stages predominately by spectroscopic techniques. Aromatic (radical) polyions were upon the first species inspected by such techniques. Their structures were generally interpreted by the simplistic Huckel model and, in many cases, an astonishing agreement between the experimental results and models were found. 

Yordanov B and Boyadzhiev L. Pertraction of citric acid by means of emulsion liquid membranes. J Membr Sci 2004 238 191-197. Lin CC and Long RL. Removal of nitric acid by emulsion liquid membrane experimental results and model prediction. J Membr Sci... 

Merlivat, L. and L Memeiy (1983) Gas exchange across an air-water interface experimental results and modeling of the bubble contribution to transfer. J. Geophys. Res. 88, 707-24. 

The physical and chemical phenomena occurring in a co-current moving bed gasifier have been analysed from experimental results and model calculations for different zones of the gasifier. A number of previously known empirical design rules can be understood and possible process limitations are predicted. With the reaction engineering model for the reduction zone the gas composition can be related to the fuel characteristics, reduction zone dimensions, heat losses and recovery. From the analysis of the pyrolysis/... 

Hofmann, A. et al., Sorption kinetics of strontium in porous hydrous ferric oxide aggregates II. Comparison of experimental results and model predictions, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 283, 29, 2005. 

Lin, C.C. and Long, R.L. (1997). Removal of nitric acid by emulsion hquid membrane Experimental results and model prediction. J. Membr. Sci., 134, 33-45. 

Experimental results and modeling strategy for the determination of stresses in thermosets used in microelectronics are presented. The bending beam technique for in situ stress measurement is particularly emphasized. This technique is here extended to determine the glass transition temperature, Tg, and the product of the elastic modulus and coefficient of thermal expansion,... 

Despite the difficulties of theoretical approaches of polyelectrolytes, and especially of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes, work on protein/polymer systems is now mature enough to offer interesting opportunities to compare experimental results and models of colloid/polyelectrolyte. Biophysical approaches can in principle lead to a structural description of these colloids at an unprecedented level of detail. As compared to micelles or latex, the major... 

Experimental results and model predictions obtained for this test are presented in Figure 8. 

NAG Nagy, I., Loos, Th.W.de, Krenz, R.A., and Heidemami, R.A., High pressure phase equilibria in the systems linear low density polyethylene -1- n-hexane and linear low density polyethylene + n-hexane + ethylene Experimental results and modelling with the Sanchez-Lacombe equation of state, J. Supercrit Fluids, 37,115,2006. 

VRI Vries, TJ. de, Somers, P.J.A., Loos, Th.W. de, Vorstman, M.A.G., and Keuientjes, J.T.F., Phase behavior of poly(ethylene-co-propylene) in ethylene and carbon dioxide Experimental results and modeling with the SAFT equation of state, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 39, 4510, 2000. 

DES DeSonsa, H.C., Phase eqnilibria in polymer + solvent systems experimental results and modeling (Portng.), Ph.D. Thesis, New University of Lisbon, Portugal, 1997. 

GOU Gourgouillon, D. and Nimes da Ponte, M., High pressure phase equiUbria for poly(ethylene glyeol) + COy. experimental results and modeling, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 1, 5369, 1999. 

HOR Horst, M.H. ter, Behme, S., Sadowski, G., and Loos, Th.W. de, The influence of supercritical gases on the phase behavior of polystyrene-cyclohexane and polyethylene-cyclohexane systems experimental results and modeling with the SAFT equation of state, J. Supercrit. Fluids, 23, 181, 2002. 

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