Experimental platforms

A dynamic experimental protocol that proyides an experimental platform for testing and eyaluation of new monitoring approaches and process improyement schemes. 

HPRD is unique in that it assimilates diverse protein features such as PPIs, PTMs, subcellular localization, tissue expression, biological motifs, and domains derived from a variety of experimental platforms (Fig. 1). Thus HPRD can be used to perform complex queries involving multiple features of proteins. 

Supramolecular chemistry has provided an experimental platform for testing many modern theories on bonding, molecular organization, photochemistry, and in particular, electron transfer theory. For example, in 1956, Marcus predicted that highly exoergonic electron transfer reactions actually slow down with increasing driving force. Numerous bimolecular electron transfer reactions were studied... 

Tzukerman M, Skorecki KL. A novel experimental platform for investigating cancer growth and anti-cancer therapy in a human tissue microenvironment derived from human embryonic stem cells. Meth Mol Biol 2006 331 329-46. 

Before obtaining the experimental results for the proposed covalidation effort, two prior steps were required, namely, the design and fabrication of the microchannels, and the assembly of an experimental platform that would allow for the easy exchange of different microchannel setups. A PMMA poly-methyl methacrylate prism of low thermal conductivity was employed as the structural support of the metallic plates that form the microchannels, chosen to be made of electronic grade copper (upper plate) and brass (lower plate). Micro-machining of the PMMA block and of the metallic plates was accomplished and the setup was assembled according to Fig. 2 below. 

The complete experimental platform is shown in Fig. 4 below, which is fully automated, both in the data acquisition and on the control of the flow and heating parameters. The concept was that of allowing for straightforward interchanges of the microchannel setups without modifications of the remaining of the platform. 

Experimental platform for laying down the rodent during the procedure. Use the styrofoam holders of 15-mL or 50-mL conical tubes, wrapped in a bench disposable diaper (Kendall). 

Anesthetize rodent by using 5% Isoflurane, and place it on its back on the experimental platform, with the nose piece attached to the Isoflurane vaporizer placed around the rodent s head to allow comfortable breathing and delivery of Isoflurane (reeNote 4). 

FIGURE 7.5 Schematic overview of the beamline on the experimental platform. The experiments are indicated by the numbers H1-H6 (see Table 7.1). Beam transport calculations have been performed leading to the arrangement of ion optical elements as shown in the figure. The ion beam enters this section from below and travels from the extreme left-hand side to the right. The EBIS is an off-line ion source for tests of the systems, the MPS (multi-passage spectrometer) will feed the EBIS ion beam into the system when needed. 

This paper is organised as follows. In Sect. 2 we review the literature on financial trading agent experiments and the agent algorithms, AA and ZIP. In Sect. 3 we introduce ExPo, our experimental platform, and describe our experimental design. In Sect. 4 we present the results from our two sets of experiments. Finally, conclusions are drawn in Sect. 5. 

Uncertainty enters the equation with respect to either a drug s effect (IC ) or variability between experimental platforms, laboratories, cell types, and intra-animal/intraspe-eies differences. In a paper by Elkins et al. (2013), analysis of the typical variance in experimentally measured IC values of multiple ion channels at different laboratories allowed to determine when repeated ion channel screens should be performed to reduce uncertainty in a drug s action to acceptable levels to allow a meaningful interpretation of the data. While determination of the experimental uncertainty can be quantified, the uncertainty based on different... 

In yet a further arrangement made possible by the serendipitous selection of the original experimental platform, ions fall through a potential difference as they pass from Qj to Qc so that, again, CID occurs in Qc. The nascent product ions pass through Qc and enter into and are accumulated within the linear ion trap Qi that is operated at rf only. Ions confined in Qz are excited radially and, in the fringing field at the exit of Qz, are ejected axially and mass-selectively. In this mode, since Qz is not pressurized directly, it is identified as a low-pressure linear ion trap. 

One successful application of STM beyond imaging has been the STM break junction (STM-BJ) technique [56] and modification thereof [13, 57, 58], which are becoming very popular experimental platforms for nanoelectronics and molecular electronics [59-61]. In this technique. Figure 9.5a, a tip (usually Au) is brought into mechanical contact to a defined depth (crash-to-contact) with a single-crystalline surface of the same material. The tip is then withdrawn at a suitable rate such that a metal nanoconstruction is formed, elongated, and eventually broken (break-of-contact). During tip withdrawal, the conductance is recorded as a function of piezo displacement. The procedure can be repeated many thousands of... 

In one of the recent studies, five plant- and yeast-derived genes, involved in the mevalonate and artemisinin biosynthetic pathways, were cloned into a single megaexpression vector and introduced into Nicotiana tabacum resulting into the biosynthesis of artemisinin. Though the artemisinin levels in the transgenic tobacco plants were lower than that in A. annua L. plants naturally, the experimental platform developed may, in future, lead to the biosynthesis of various natural products in other heterologous plant systems [58]. 

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