Event Related Optical Signal

G. Gratton and M. Fabiani. The event-related optical signal a new tool for studying brain function. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42 109-121, 2001. 

G. Gratton, A. Sarno, E. Maclin, P. M. Corbaliis, and M. Fabiani. Toward noninvasive 3-d imaging of the time course of cortical activity Investigation of the depth of the event-related optical signal. Neuroimage, 11 491-504, 2000. 

G. Gratton, M. Fabiani, P.M. Corballis, D.C. Hood, M.R. Goodman-Wood, J. Hirsch, K. Kim, D. Friedman, E. Gratton, Fast and localized event-related optical signals (EROS) in the human occipital cortex comparisons with the visual evoked potential an fMRI, Neuroimage 6, 168-180 (1997)... 

Event Related Optical Signal. A fast change in the absorption and scattering coefficients of the brain after stimulation. 

The acquisition of neuronal response using noninvasive NIR spectroscopy is less well-known than the slower hemodynamic response. However, there is a great deal of potential for its development and verification via comparison with other modalities such as event-related potentials (ERP) [32]. The origins of optically sensing this fast signal (usually known as intrinsic optical signal or IOS for short) can be traced back to Cohen [14]. Cohen showed that neuronal activity elicits a fast... 

As illustrated in Fig. 1, there are three primary components of a biosensor (1) the detector element, (2) the biological element, and (3) membranes used to separate the various structural elements of the sensor. The detector element performs the task of providing a signal related to the recognition event—that is, the result of the interaction of the analyte to be measured with the biological recognition molecule. The detector translates what is essentially a chemical interaction to some type of physical signal that can be manipulated by a variety of a electronic or optical techniques to finally produce an electrical output that is related to the amount of the analyte of interest. 

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