Event-related signal

Bronstein, D.M., Pennypacker, K.R., Lee, H., Hong, J.S. Methamphetamine-induced changes in AP-1 binding and dynorphin in the striatum correlated, not causally related events Biol. Signals. 317, 1996. 

The acquisition of neuronal response using noninvasive NIR spectroscopy is less well-known than the slower hemodynamic response. However, there is a great deal of potential for its development and verification via comparison with other modalities such as event-related potentials (ERP) [32]. The origins of optically sensing this fast signal (usually known as intrinsic optical signal or IOS for short) can be traced back to Cohen [14]. Cohen showed that neuronal activity elicits a fast... 

G. Gratton and M. Fabiani. The event-related optical signal a new tool for studying brain function. International Journal of Psychophysiology, 42 109-121, 2001. 

G. Gratton, A. Sarno, E. Maclin, P. M. Corbaliis, and M. Fabiani. Toward noninvasive 3-d imaging of the time course of cortical activity Investigation of the depth of the event-related optical signal. Neuroimage, 11 491-504, 2000. 

Ceramide or N-acylsphingosine is a component of microdomains or lipid rafts. These structures serve as platforms for neural cell signaling and events related to signal transduction. Ceramide is generated either by de novo synthesis or by hydrolysis... 

Most of the toxic responses summarized above involve a relatively small number of biochemical events related to oxidative injury, signaling pathways, and genotoxicity. 

Translocation of the phosphatidylserine from the inner to the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane is an initial event related to the apoptotic process and possibly serves as a signal for the removal of apoptotic bodies by phagocytic cells (Martin et al., 1995). The exposure of this phospholipid has been largely used as a specific apoptosis marker. 

G. Gratton, M. Fabiani, P.M. Corballis, D.C. Hood, M.R. Goodman-Wood, J. Hirsch, K. Kim, D. Friedman, E. Gratton, Fast and localized event-related optical signals (EROS) in the human occipital cortex comparisons with the visual evoked potential an fMRI, Neuroimage 6, 168-180 (1997)... 

Event Related Optical Signal. A fast change in the absorption and scattering coefficients of the brain after stimulation. 

Examples of fiiis type include all the different evoked responses (auditory, somatosensory, visual, etc.) and event-related potentials recorded in response to controlled stimuli administered to the body (or any biological system in general). These signals usually reveal functional characteristics of specific pathways in the body. For instance, evoked resptmses to peripheral somatosensory stimu-laticHi reveal the performance of the somatosensory pathway leading to sensory cortex. A segment of cmtical somatosensory evoked potential is shown in Fig. 18.1fi that was obtained after averaging 1(X) stimulus-response pairs. Evoked responses or event-related potentials are usually superimposed... 

Medical device manufacturers are required to report adverse events related to their devices as per 21 CFR 803 under the definition of MDR. Adverse events can be reported directly to device manufacturers or reported to the FDA. The MDR database is searchable and open to the public. In some instances, MDR can provide safety signals for devices that can provoke actions to ensure patient safety such as product recalls. 

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