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Evaporation strategies

Heat-assisted evaporation strategies, such as the falling-film evaporator, plate evaporator, forced-film evaporator, and centrifugal forced-film evaporator have been developed and are used to remove vyater from solutions of small peptides, such as antibiotics. But most recombinant proteins are heat labile and may not survive this strategy. [Pg.74]

Couvreur et al. reviewed the preparation and characterization of many of the different types of the solvent-evaporation microspheres and mostly discuss small poly(lactic-co-glycohc acid) microspheres (mean size lower than 10 pm) containing small peptides (Couvreur et al., 1997). Three main evaporation strategies have been utilized in order to increase the encapsulation capacity an interrupted process, a continuous process, and a rotary evaporation procedure. [Pg.197]

Recently, an in-depth review on molecular imprinted membranes has been published by Piletsky et al. [4]. Four preparation strategies for MIP membranes can be distinguished (i) in-situ polymerization by bulk crosslinking (ii) preparation by dry phase inversion with a casting/solvent evaporation process [45-51] (iii) preparation by wet phase inversion with a casting/immersion precipitation [52-54] and (iv) surface imprinting. [Pg.134]

Figure 2 schematically presents a synthetic strategy for the preparation of the structured catalyst with ME-derived palladium nanoparticles. After the particles formation in a reverse ME [23], the hydrocarbon is evaporated and methanol is added to dissolve a surfactant and flocculate nanoparticles, which are subsequently isolated by centrifugation. Flocculated nanoparticles are redispersed in water by ultrasound giving macroscopically homogeneous solution. This can be used for the incipient wetness impregnation of the support. By varying a water-to-surfactant ratio in the initial ME, catalysts with size-controlled monodispersed nanoparticles may be obtained. [Pg.294]

Choong KL and Smith R (2004) Novel Strategies for Optimization of Batch, Semi-batch and Heating/Cooling Evaporative Crystallization, Chem Eng Sci, 59 329. [Pg.56]

In addition, SPOS can easily be automated using appropriate robotics for both filtration and evaporation of the volatiles from the reaction mixture to obtain the cleaved product. Furthermore, SPOS can be applied to the powerful split-and-mix strategy, which has proved to be an important tool in combinatorial chemistry [7]. [Pg.292]

For the development of an appropriate strategy for cleavage from the novel syringaldehyde resin, the authors adapted a previously elaborated solution-phase model study on intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions for the solid-phase procedure (Scheme 7.60). The resulting pyridines could be easily separated from the polymer-bound by-products by employing a simple filtration step and subsequent evaporation of the solvent. The remaining resins were each washed and dried. After drying,... [Pg.336]

We have suggested that separation strategies be planned with the following goal in mind the target product(s) in a final reaction mixture should partition into a phase that is different from all the other components of the mixture.181 When this goal is met, reactions can be purified simply by workup, which involves simple phase separation techniques such as evaporation, extraction, and filtration. [Pg.27]

Increased control of film composition, structure and size can be achieved by limiting the rate of reaction. This is possible using gas phase deposition where the amount of reactant is relatively low. Gas phase deposition loosely covers any hybridization strategy where at least one of the hybrid components is in the gas phase. This includes chemical vapor deposition (CVD), physical vapor deposition (PVD) and atomic layer deposition (ALD) as well as various plasma, sputtering and evaporation processes. [Pg.148]

In the late 1980 s, methods for precise Li isotope determination (i.e., <2%o long-term reproducibility) by a variety of TIMS methods became estabhshed. These techniques developed different strategies for dealing with the significant thermal mass fractionation of Li from the surface of a hlament from measurement of heavier ionic species (e.g., LijBOj Chan 1987, Sahoo and Masuda 1995 LijE Green et al. 1988 NaLiBOj Chan et al. 1992) to evaporation of a Li molecule and subsequent ionization and measurement of Li as metal ions (Michiels and DeBievre 1983 Xiao and Beary 1989 Moriguti and Nakamura 1993 Clausen 1995 You and Chan 1996 Sahoo and Masuda 1998). [Pg.156]


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