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MRNA eukaryotic

Eukaryotic mRNA synthesis results in a pre-mRNA precursor that contains extensive amounts of excess RNA (introns) that must be precisely removed by RNA splicing to generate functional, translatable mRNA composed of exonic coding and noncoding sequences. [Pg.357]

Kozak M Structural features in eukaryotic mRNAs that modulate the initiation of translation. J Biol Chem 1991 266 1986. [Pg.373]

Figure 39-19. Structure of a typical eukaryotic mRNA showing elements that are involved in regulating mRNA stability. The typical eukaryotic mRNA has a 5 noncoding sequence (5 NCS), a coding region, and a 3 NCS. All are capped at the 5 end, and most have a polyadenylate sequence at the 3 end. The 5 cap and 3 poly(A) tail protect the mRNA against exonuclease attack. Stem-loop structures in the 5 and 3 NCS, features in the coding sequence, and the AU-rich region in the 3 NCS are thought to play roles in mRNA stability. Figure 39-19. Structure of a typical eukaryotic mRNA showing elements that are involved in regulating mRNA stability. The typical eukaryotic mRNA has a 5 noncoding sequence (5 NCS), a coding region, and a 3 NCS. All are capped at the 5 end, and most have a polyadenylate sequence at the 3 end. The 5 cap and 3 poly(A) tail protect the mRNA against exonuclease attack. Stem-loop structures in the 5 and 3 NCS, features in the coding sequence, and the AU-rich region in the 3 NCS are thought to play roles in mRNA stability.
Figure 7.4 (a) IREs in eukaryotic mRNAs the secondary structures of ferritin and transferrin receptor IREs. (b) The IRE localization in mRNAs the translation/ribosome binding element in the 5 -UTR of ferritin mRNA is above, that of the stability/ turnover element in the 3 -UTR of transferrin receptor mRNA is below. Adapted from Theil, 1998, by courtesy of Marcel Dekker, Inc. [Pg.217]

Hellen, C. U., and Samow, P. (2001). Internal ribosome entry sites in eukaryotic mRNA molecules. Genes Dev. 15, 1593—1612. [Pg.144]

Johannes, G., Carter, M. S., Eisen, M. B., Brown, P. O., and Samow, P. (1999). Identification of eukaryotic mRNAs that are translated at reduced cap binding complex eIF4F concentrations using a cDNA microarray. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 96, 13118—13123. [Pg.234]

Coller, J., and Parker, R. (2004). Eukaryotic mRNA decapping. Annu. Rev. Biochem. 73, 861-890. [Pg.257]

Preparation of Krebs-2 translation extracts Krebs-2 extracts are an ideal system to screen for compounds that inhibit translation because they faithfully recapitulate the cap dependency and the cap-poly(A) synergism associated with eukaryotic mRNA translation (Svitkin and Sonenberg, 2004), unlike standard rabbit reticulocyte lysates (RRL) (Borman et al., 2000). Furthermore, the translation of many types of IRESes is supported in Krebs-2 extracts. The use of commercially available translation competent extracts prepared from RRL, wheat germ, and E. coli is extremely useful in assessing selectivity of inhibitors identified in primary screens. [Pg.318]

Sonenberg, N. (1981). ATP/Mg++-dependent cross-linking of cap binding proteins to the 5 end of eukaryotic mRNA. Nucleic Acids Res. 9, 1643—1656. [Pg.332]

Figure 4.28 The steps involved in the maturation of eukaryotic mRNA, illustrated for the chicken ovalbumin gene. (From Voet and Voet, 2004. Reproduced with permission from John Wiley Sons., Inc.)... Figure 4.28 The steps involved in the maturation of eukaryotic mRNA, illustrated for the chicken ovalbumin gene. (From Voet and Voet, 2004. Reproduced with permission from John Wiley Sons., Inc.)...
Poly (A) tails are lengths of nucleotides containing adenine bases present on the 3 end of the eukaryotic mRNA molecules. [Pg.455]

Most eukaryotic mRNA molecules have up to 250 adenine bases at their 3 end. These poly (A) tails can be used in the affinity chromatographic purification of mRNA from a total cellular RNA extract. Under high salt conditions, poly (A) will hybridize to oligo-dT-cellulose or poly(U)-sepharose. These materials are polymers of 10 to 20 deoxythymidine or uridine nucleotides covalently bound to a carbohydrate support. They bind mRNA containing poly (A) tails as short as 20 residues. rRNA and tRNA do not possess poly (A) sequences and will not bind. After washing the mRNA can be eluted with a low salt buffer. [Pg.455]

Liang P, Averboukh L, Pardee AB. 1993. Distribution and cloning of eukaryotic mRNAs by means of differential display refinements and optimization. Nucleic Acids Res... [Pg.384]

Important pathways requiring SAM include synthesis of epinephrine and of the 7-methylgua-nine cap on eukaryotic mRNA, Synthesis of SAM from methionine is shown in Figure T17-3. After donating the methyl group, SAM is converted to homocysteine and remethylated in a reaction catalyzed by N-methyl THF-homocysteine methyltransferase requirii both vitamin Bj2 and N-meth d-THF. The methionine produced is once again used to make SAM. [Pg.249]

Mignone, F., Grillo, G., Licciulli, F., et al. (2005) UTRdb and UTRsite a collection of sequences and regulatory motifs of the untranslated regions of eukaryotic mRNAs. Nucleic Acids Res. 33, D141-D146. [Pg.394]

In eukaryotes, mRNAs are initially transcribed as heterogeneous nuclear RNA, which still contains intervening sequences of the gene and must undergo processing to attain the final mRNA structure. [Pg.152]

Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a 7-methylguanine cap at the S end, which promotes efficient translation of the message and protects it from degradation by S to S exonucleases. [Pg.164]

Most eukaryotic mRNAs end approximately 20 nucleotides downstream of the sequence, AAUAA, which permits addition of a polyA tail that protects the message from cleavage by S to S exonucleases. [Pg.164]

A third alternative starts with an extract of RNA, not DNA. Mature eukaryotic mRNA contains a long run or tail of adenine residues at its 3 end. The poly(rA) tail can be hybridized with an oligomer of thymine residues, and the oligo(dT) can then be used as a primer for a particular kind of DNA polymerase known as reverse transcriptase. This enzyme, a polymerase associated with retroviruses, will use RNA as a template to make a complementary DNA copy of the RNA, creating a DNA-RNA double-stranded hybrid. In another round of synthesis, the enzyme can replace the RNA strand entirely with DNA, so that the RNA-DNA hybrid is completely converted to double-stranded DNA containing an exact copy of the original RNA sequence. This DNA molecule is known as cDNA because it has a strand that is complementary to (or a copy of) the original RNA. [Pg.46]

A newly synthesized RNA molecule is called a primary transcript. Perhaps the most extensive processing of primary transcripts occurs in eukaryotic mRNAs and in tRNAs of both bacteria and eukaryotes. [Pg.1007]

FIGURE 26-12 The 5 cap of mRNA. (a) 7-Methylguanosine is joined to the 5 end of almost all eukaryotic mRNAs in an unusual 5, 5 -triphosphate linkage. Methyl groups (pink) are often found at the 2 position of the first and second nucleotides. RNAs in yeast cells lack the 2 -methyl groups. The 2 -methyl group on the second nucleotide... [Pg.1008]

Most eukaryotic mRNAs have a 5 cap, a residue of 7-methylguanosine linked to the 5 -terminal residue of the mRNA through an unusual 5, 5 -triphosphate linkage (Fig. 26-12). The 5 cap helps protect mRNA from ribonucleases. The cap also binds to a specific capbinding complex of proteins and participates in binding of the mRNA to the ribosome to initiate translation (Chapter 27). [Pg.1008]

At their 3 end, most eukaryotic mRNAs have a string of 80 to 250 A residues, making up the poly(A) tail. This tail serves as a binding site for one or more specific proteins. The poly(A) tail and its associated proteins probably help protect mRNA from enzymatic destruction. Many prokaryotic mRNAs also acquire poly(A) tails, but these tails stimulate decay of mRNA rather than protecting it from degradation. [Pg.1011]

Most eukaryotic mRNA transcripts produce only one mature mRNA and one corresponding polypeptide, but some can be processed in more than one way to produce different mRNAs and thus different polypeptides. The primary transcript contains molecular signals for all the alternative processing pathways, and the pathway favored in a given cell is determined by processing factors, RNA-binding proteins that promote one particular path. [Pg.1014]

A good summary of current ideas about the coupled processing and transport of eukaryotic mRNAs. [Pg.1032]

RNA Posttranscriptional Processing Predict the likely effects of a mutation in the sequence (5 )AAUAAA in a eukaryotic mRNA transcript. [Pg.1032]

Initiation in Eukaryotic Cells Translation is generally similar in eukaryotic and bacterial cells most of the significant differences are in the mechanism of initiation. Eukaryotic mRNAs are bound to the ribosome as a complex with a number of specific binding proteins. Several of these tie together the 5 and 3 ends of the message. At the 3 end, the mRNA is bound by the poly (A) binding... [Pg.1057]

FIGURE 27-22 Protein complexes in the formation of a eukaryotic initiation complex. The 3 and 5 ends of eukaryotic mRNAs are linked by a complex of proteins that includes several initiation factors and the poly(A) binding protein (PAB). The factors elF4E and elF4G are part of a larger complex called elF4F. This complex binds to the 40S ribosomal subunit. [Pg.1057]


See other pages where MRNA eukaryotic is mentioned: [Pg.342]    [Pg.408]    [Pg.409]    [Pg.409]    [Pg.394]    [Pg.395]    [Pg.236]    [Pg.332]    [Pg.44]    [Pg.62]    [Pg.69]    [Pg.583]    [Pg.35]    [Pg.36]    [Pg.37]    [Pg.49]    [Pg.1007]    [Pg.1007]    [Pg.1008]    [Pg.1009]    [Pg.1011]    [Pg.1013]    [Pg.1013]   
See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.17 , Pg.18 ]

See also in sourсe #XX -- [ Pg.467 , Pg.470 ]




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Eukaryotes mRNA structure

Eukaryotes mRNA translation

Eukaryotic Pre-mRNA Undergoes Extensive Processing

Eukaryotic mRNA production

Eukaryotic mRNA synthesis

Eukaryotic mRNAs purification

MRNA

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