Ethylenesulfones

The simplest monomer, ethylenesulfonic acid, is made by elimination from sodium hydroxyethyl sulfonate and polyphosphoric acid. Ethylenesulfonic acid is readily polymerized alone or can be incorporated as a copolymer using such monomers as acrylamide, aHyl acrylamide, sodium acrylate, acrylonitrile, methylacrylic acid, and vinyl acetate (222). Styrene and isobutene fail to copolymerize with ethylene sulfonic acid. 

Fig. 15. Energy of proton dissociation (Ez) from Z times ionized polyelectrolyte molecules as function of the degree of dissociation (a). (A) - PPAL (1), PPAS (2), PPA (3), polyfmethacrylic acid) (4), copolymer of acrylic acid with ethylenesulfonic acid (50 50) in aqueous solutions (5), (B) - PPAL (1), PPAS (2), PPA in the presence of NaCl (3) ( ) INaClj = 0 (X) fNaCll = 0.25 mmol/1 (o) 0.50 mmol/1...

Morpholino)acrylonitrile, 195 Oxygen, singlet, 228 Phenyl ethylenesulfonate, 241 8-Phenylmenthol, 243 (Phenylsulfonyl)allene, 247 Sulfene, 68... 

Phenyl ethylenesulfonate, 241 Tin(IV) chloride, 300 Containing one sulfur 2,4-Bis(4-me thoxyphenyl)-1,3-dithia-2,4-diphosphetane-2,4-disulfide, 38 Titanium(IV) chloride-Zinc, 310 Other five-membered heterocycles Carbon dioxide, 65 Methanesulfonyl chloride, 176 Six-membered rings Containing one nitrogen—piperidines Dichlorotris(triphenylphosphine)-ruthenium(II), 107 Mercury(II) trifluoroacetate, 175 Tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(O), 289... 

Kern et. aL employed poly(styrenesulfonic add) 2 and poly(ethylenesulfonic add) 3 for the hydrolysis of some peptides and amides. The catalytic activity of these water-soluble polymers were three to five times greater than the same concentrations of HQ and H2SO4 (12,13). The molecular weight of the polymer did not influence the catalytic efficiency. 

Aral and Ise carried out the hydrolysis of dextrin in the presence of copolymers of vinyl alcohol and vinylsulfonic aethylenesulfonic acid unit relative to sulfuric add, Acopoiymet/ H2S04> increased from 1 to 1.4 at 80 °C, as the mole ratio of hydroxyethylene and ethylenesulfonic add repeat units wsB varied from nearly zero to 100. On the other hand, mixtures of pofy(ethylenesul-fonic add) 3 and poly(vinyl alcohol) possessed a catalytic efficiency lower than that of sulfuric add. 

Hydrolysis of peptides and proteins has been observed to be catalyzed by poly(ethylenesulfonic acid) and poly(p-styrenesulfonic acid) Poly(vinyl-benzyltriethylainmonium hydroxide) has been found to catalyze the alkaline hydrolysis of aliphatic esters ... 

Alkylation of 4-methyl-3-pyrazolidinone with butyl ethylenesulfonate gave alkylation at N-l with addition of nitrogen at the /3-position of the a,/3-unsaturated system.1209 Earlier workers have claimed that nitrosation of 3-pyrazolidinones leads to either substitution at C-4446 or oxidation to 2-pyrazolin-5-ones followed by substitution at q 4 sis, 1550 However, later workers uniformly report that nitrosation occurs at N-l (eq. 247).911-1342,1491 Treatment of 3-pyrazolidinones... 

Breslow D, Kutner A. Polymers and copolymers of sodium ethylenesulfonate. J Polym Sci 1958 27 295-302. 

A mixture of 6.7 gm. methyl ethylenesulfonate, 4 gm. cyclo-pentadiene, and toluene heated 10 hrs in a sealed tube at 140-150 7.7 gm. methyl 2,5-endomethylene-3-cyclohexene-l-sulfonate. (A. Lambert and J. D. Bose, Soe. 1949, 46.)... 

EINECS 221-242-5 Ethenesutfbnic acid, sodium salt NSC 8957 Sodium ethenesulfbnate Sodium ethylenesulfon-ate Sodium ethylenesulphonate Sodium vinylsulfbnate. 

Addition of aryl ethylenesulfonates to 1-alkylaziridines and subsequent hydrolysis makes available 1,2-disubstituted hydrazines of the type289... 

The simplest monomer of this group is ethylenesulfonic acid, a member of the vinyl group of monomers. Early synthesis of this monomer was reported by Kohler7, who obtained the acid in low yield by thermal elimination ... 

Sodium ethylenesulfonate obtained some industrial prominence, mainly as a reactive comonomer in emulsion polymerization. When incorporated in a macromolecule it acts, by virtue of the ionic function, as a built in emulsifying agent and stabilizer of the polymeric emulsion11. 

Breslow and Kutner12 studied the polymerization of sodium ethylenesulfonate in aqueous solution using the persulfate-bisulfite redox couple as initiator at 5°C. UV-initiated polymerization at 30 °C was equally effective. 

A measure of the relative reactivities of the monomers involved in copolymerization is reflected in their reactivity ratios and r2, the subscripts referring to monomers 1 and 213. Thus, when monomer 2 was sodium ethylenesulfonate, r2 was found to be close to zero while r (acrylamide) = 14.9 and r1 (sodium acrylate) = 5.8. A similar sluggishness in copolymerization with less-polar monomers was also found for other sulfonates. Izumi and coworkers studied the copolymerization of sodium allylsulfonate (MJ with acrylonitrile (M2) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and DMSO-water mixtures. They found considerably lower values for r2 as compared to in aqueous DMSO and attributed it to lack of homogeneity , although no phase separation was observed in this medium14. 

Trimethylenebis(2-carboxy-N-piperidine) ( 35 26 4 2 Ethylenedinitrilo-N,N -bis(ethylenesulfonic)-N-methylenephosphonic N -acetic acid ( 32 24 11 2 2 ... 

Ethylenedinitrilo-N,N -b is(ethylenesulfonic)-N,N -di-3-propanoic acid (C25H270 qN2S2)... 

X0 compounds 24, 877 a,y -Ethylenephosphorus compounds 18, 936 suppl. 24 Ethylenes, tetra(negatively-subst.) s. Tetracyanoethylene Ethylenesulfonates s. Enesulfonates a,/ -Ethylenesulfones... 

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