Ethylenediamine tetraacetate EDTA

More recently, Wiese and Weil" reported a detailed study of the mechanism of electroless copper deposition with formaldehyde from alkaline ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (EDTA)-containing solutions. The partial reactions were expected to be... 

Considerable effort has been directed to the degradation of complexing agents. The degradation of nitrilotriacetate (NTA), ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), and related compounds display some important featnres ... 

Metals may also be linked through an oxygen or nitrogen atom to form a stable metal complex without a carbon-metal bond. These include metal complexes of ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), diethylenetriamine pentaacetate (DTPA), or ethylenediamine tetramethylphosphonate (EDTMP). Metalloid compounds include antimonyl gluconate and bismuth salicylate. 

Liquid chromatographic methods based on ultraviolet and/or electrochemical detection have also been developed (622-625). In the earliest of these methods (623), tissues were extracted with mcthanol/water (1 1), and the evaporated residue was taken up in dichloromethanc. The extract was then injected on a Kieselgel Merckosorb SI-60 liquid chromatographic column, and eluted with dichloromethane/ethanol/water. Monitoring at 280 nm allowed 5 ppb thiouracils to be readily detected in the tissue samples. In the latest method (625), cattle plasma samples were extracted with etliyl acetate in presence of ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (EDTA). The addition of ED I A could significantly improve the efficiency of the extraction process. Remarkable improvement of the ethyl acetate... 

For the styrene/hexadecane system, the amount of initiator does not have an effect on the particle number, but in the case of more water-soluble monomers, for example MMA and vinyl chloride [67], secondary particle formation was observed. Here, the amount of new particles increases with the concentration of the water-soluble initiator. Homogeneous nucleation in the water phase can be restrained by using a water-soluble redox initiator, e.g., (NH4)S208/NaHS03 at lower temperature (45°C) [68] or even more efficiently by using an interfacial acting redox initiator (cumene hydroperoxide/Fe2+/ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA)/sodium formaldehyde sulfoxylate (SFS)) [69, 70] to initiate the miniemulsion polymerization. The hydrophobic radicals decrease the homogeneous nucleation in the aqueous phase. 

Fe " /Fe +, so if air is excluded from the system a range of redox buffers can be made with definite potentials by adjusting this ratio. The complexing agent C can be oxalate [83], citrate, tartrate, ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), DTPA, or other amino carboxylic acids. 

Charles (1954) has compared the entropy of ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (EDTA) complex formation for several elements, including zinc, and finds the entropy change to be a linear function of the partial molal entropy of the complexed metal. In Fig. 10, the entropy changes in the formation of ammonia (Williams, 1954), ethylenediamiue (En) (Davies et al., 1954), and EDTA (Charles, 1954) complexes of Zn, Cu, and Cd are plotted as a reciprocal of the ionic radius minus a term containing the molecular weight (Powell and Latimer, 1951), as a measure of the partial molal entropy of the cations. The AS° values plotted are for the reaction ... 

Ammonium chloride Ammonium sulfate Barium chloride Calcium chloride Cesium chloride Citric acid Copper sulfate Disodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA sodium) Ethanol Ethylene glycol Ferric chloride Formic acid D-Fructose D-Glucose Glycerol... 

Notes To purify nucleic acids and proteins, an initial subcellular fractionation may be advantageous. In this case the lysis buffer (e.g. 50 mM tris-HCl, pH7.5) generally contains dithiothreitol (DTT), ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) and/or protease inhibitors such as phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride (PMSF) in isotonic sucrose (0.25M sucrose, d = 1.0317). To purify polysaccharides, cells may be lysed/extracted with organic solvents (e.g. n-butanol) or alkali. 

In the first mode, known portions of the polymer were equilibrated with solutions of CaCl2 and HCl, as well as with their mixtures of known concentrations. The final composition of the bulk solutions in equilibrium with the polymeric phase was determined by titrating the excess HCl acid with NaOH and hy complexometric titration of the Ca ions with ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA). From these data the concentrations of the electrolytes within the porous space of the polymeric material were calculated and then the apparent phase distribution coefficients k of HCl and CaCl2, defined as the ratio between the equihbrium concentrations of the corresponding electrolytes within and outside the polymeric beads. These calculations are strongly facifitated by the outstanding property of the neutral hypercrossfinked polystyrene sorbents, namely that their swelling does not depend on the electrolyte concentration, so that the volume of the porous space remains constant in all experiments. Thus,... 

In a further approach, protective agents may be added to prevent the interfering substance from reacting with the analyte. Stable, but volatile complexes or compounds are formed between the analyte and the protective agent. These protective agents are very often complexing agents, such as ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA), ammonium pyrrolidone-dithiocarbamate (APDC), or 8-hydroxychinoline. 

In 2005, Rana et al. further expanded the scope of methods for forming colloidal templates in situ by devising a reaction scheme that utilized multivalent anions (such as tetrasodium ethylenediamine tetraacetate, EDTA) over previously used Au or CdSe NPs. The governing synthesis parameter is the R ratio , defined as the total negative charge from the multivalent anion divided by the total positive charge from the polymer. This new formation pathway relies on the counteranion condensation of EDTA and other multivalent anions with polyamines, to form polymer/salt... 

Templeton, L.K. Templeton, D.H. Zalkin. A. Ruben. H.W. Anomalous scattering by praseodymium, samarium and gadolinium and structures of their ethylenediamine-tetraacetate (edta) salts. Acta Crystallogr. 1982. B38. 2155-2159. 

Ethylenediamine hydrochloride is used in topical preparations and is a common sensitizer (Epstein and Maibach 1968). Sensitive patients can react with dermatitis when the ethylenediamine is taken systemically (Provost and Jillson 1967). It may cross-react with ethylenediamine tetraacetate (EDTA) which is used as a preservative in eyedrops and in the cosmetic industry (Raymond and Gross 1969). EDTA is also used as a sequestrant in food systems it acts synergistically to several antioxidants and may be present in fats, oils, salad dressings, meat, seafood, vegetables, beverages, and dairy products (Furia 1972). 

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