Ethylene reproductive effects

SAFETY PROFILE Mildly toxic by ingestion and subcutaneous routes. A skin and eye irritant. See also ETHYLENE GLYCOL, Experimental reproductive effects. Combustible when exposed to heat or flame. Incompatible with oxidizing materials. To fight fire, use foam, alcohol foam, CO2, dry chemical. When heated to decomposition it emits acrid smoke and irritating fumes. 

SAFETY PROFILE A human poison by inhalation. Experimental poison by inhalation, intraperitoneal, subcutaneous, and intravenous routes. Moderately toxic by ingestion and skin contact. Experimental reproductive effects. Corrosive. A severe skin and eye irritant. An allergen and sensitizer. Mutation data reported. Flammable liquid when exposed to heat, flame, or oxidizers. Can react violently with acetic acid, acetic anhydride, acrolein, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, aUyl chloride, CS2, chlorosulfonic acid, epichlorohydrin, ethylene chlorohydrin, HCl, mesityl oxide, HNO3, oleum, AgC104, H2SO4, p-propiolactone, or vinyl acetate. To fight fire, use CO2, dry chemical, alcohol foam. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of NOx and NH3. See also AMINES. 

OSHA PEL TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3 ACGIH TLV TWA 1 mg(Fe)/m3 DOT CLASSIFICATION 8 Label Corrosive SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion and intravenous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Corrosive. Probably an eye, skin, and mucous membrane irritant. Mutation data reported. Reacts with water to produce toxic and corrosive fumes. Catalyzes potentially explosive polymerization of ethylene oxide, chlorine + monomers (e.g., styrene). Forms shock-sensitive explosive mixtures with some metals (e.g., potassium, sodium). Violent reaction with allyl chloride. When heated to decomposition it emits highly toxic fumes of HCl. 

OSHA PEL TWA 2 mg(Sn)/m3 ACGIH TLV IW A 2 mg(SnVm3 SAFETY PROFILE Poison by ingestion, intraperitoneal, intravenous, and subcutaneous routes. Experimental reproductive effects. Human mutation data reported. Potentially explosive reaction with metal nitrates. Violent reactions with hydrogen peroxide, ethylene oxide, hydra2ine hydrate, nitrates, K, Na. Ignition on contact with bromine trifluoride. A vigorous reaction with calcium acetylide is initiated by flame. When heated to decomposition it emits toxic fumes of Cl. See also TIN COMPOUNDS. 

EPA. 1985d. Assessment of the mutagenic potential of carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride, dichloromethane, ethylene dichloride, and methyl bromide A comparative analysis in relation to ethylene dibromide. Washington, DC U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Health and Environmental Assessment, Reproductive Effects Group. EPA/600/21 NTIS PB85-241800. 

Toxicology ACGIH TLV/TWA 2 mg(Sn)/m LD50 (oral, rat) 700 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 66 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 17,800 pg/kg poison by ing., IP, IV, subcut. routes experimental reproductive effects human mutagenic data TSCA listed Precaution Potentially explosive reaction with metal nitrates violent reactions with hydrogen peroxide, ethylene oxide, nitrates, K, Na Hazardous Decomp. Prods. Heated to decomp.. 

Orthopthalaldehyde (OPA), which was introduced as a less-toxic alternative to ethylene oxide and glutaraldehyde, is less extensively studied than other commonly used medical sterUizing agents. However, a 2005 study of risks to healthcare workers from these exposures noted that OPA has similar structural and reactive properties to glutaraldehyde and acted similarly as a chemical sensitizer. OPA does not currently have a recommended exposure limit. A 2010 Johnson Johnson SDS for an OPA product reflected reproductive effects as unknown. 

Properties Colorless to It. yel. dear vise, liq. sol. in water, ethanol, ethylene glycol, xylene, corn oil m.w. 617 dens. 1.06 (25/4 C) solid, pt. 26 F pour pt. 37 F flash pt. 535-555 F cloud pt. 126-133 F (1% aq.) vise. 175-250 cps Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) 2590 mg/kg, (skin, rabbit) 2830 n kg mod. toxic by ing., skin contact severe eye and mild skin Irritant In humans may cause human reproductive effects TSCA listed... 

Amir D. 1984. The spermicidal effect of ethylene dibromide in bulls and rams A comparative study. Congressional Proceedings - 10th International Congress on Animal Reproduction and Artificial Insemination 2 33-34. 

Short RD, Winston JM, Hong CB, et al. 1979. Effects of ethylene dibromide on reproduction in male and female rats. Toxicol AppI Pharmacol 49 97-105. 

Welch LS, Schrader SM, Turner TW, et al Effects of exposure to ethylene glycol ethers on shipyard painters II. Male reproduction. AmJlndMed 14 509-526, 1988... 

A retrospective assessment of the potential antifertility influence of ethylene dibromide was conducted by studying the reproductive perfonnance of men exposed to ethylene dibromide in the workplace. Data were obtained from four chemical plants manufacturing ethylene dibromide located in the southern part of the United States (Arkansas and Texas). Exposures in the plants ranged from less than 0.5 ppm to 5 ppm [3.8-38 mg/m- ]. Evaluations were made exclusively on the basis of the men s reproductive histories of live births to their wives, subsequent to their occupational exposure. The mmiber of live births was compared with the expected mmiber derived from national fertility tables. One of the four plants studied showed a significant decrease in fertility however, when data from the four plants were combined, there was no significant effect of ethylene dibroniide exposure on reproductive performance (Wong et al., 1979). 

In animals, ethylene oxide has toxic effects on reproduction and is teratogenic, but the relevance of animal and epidemiological studies to occupational exposure of... 

Part 3 Tests for genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, and reproductive toxicity Part 4 Selection of tests for interactions with blood Part 5 Tests for in vitro cytoxicity Part 6 Tests for local effects after implantation Part 7 Ethylene oxide sterilization residuals Part 9 Framework for identification and quantification of potential degradation products... 

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