Ethylene-acrylic acid-based

Ionomer resins consisting of ethylene—methacrylic acid copolymers partially neutralized with sodium or zinc were commercially introduced in 1964 by Du Pont under the Sudyn trademark (1). More recently, a similar line of products, sold as Hi-Mdan resins, has been commercialized by Mitsui—Du Pont in Japan. lolon ionomeric resins, based on ethylene—acrylic acid, are produced by Exxon in Belgium. Ionomers containing about 1 mol % of carboxylate groups are offered by BP in Europe as Novex resins. Low molecular weight, waxy Aclyn ionomers are produced and sold by AHiedSignal. 

Emulsion paints are based on aqueous synthetic resin dispersions, which afford a lacquer-like paint film. The resin dispersions which are commonly used by the paint industry contain water as the carrier phase. A large number of such dispersions are available, based on different resins such as poly(vinyl acetate), which may be employed as a copolymer with vinyl chloride, maleic dibutyl ester, ethylene, acrylic acid esters, polyacrylic resin, and copolymers of the latter with various monomers, as well as styrene-butadiene or poly(vinyl propionate). These disper-... 

Considerable evidence exists indicating that the acidity of an oxide surface can vary according to the pretreatment. For example, Finlayson and Shah [12] used flow microcalorimetry to characterize the oxidized surfaces of three aluminum specimens that had received different pretreatments. They found that the surface chemistry of the three samples was considerably different but was dominated by Lewis base sites in all cases. The peel strength of ethylene/acrylic acid copolymers laminated against the substrates increased as the basicity of the substrate and the acrylic acid content of the co-polymer increased. 

As reported by Diehl et al. [58], interpolymers are also compatible with a broader range of polymers, including styrene block copolymers [59], poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC)-based polymers [60], poly(phenylene ethers) [61] and olefinic polymers such as ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and chlorinated polyethylene. Owing to their unique molecular structure, specific ESI have been demonstrated as effective blend compatibilizers for polystyrene-polyethylene blends [62,63]. The development of the miscibility/ compatibility behavior of ESI-ESI blends differing in styrene content will be highlighted below. 

In contrast, HDPE is a translucent polymerized film with higher crystallinity than LDPE, and it provides a good barrier against gas and water. The mass density of HDPE ranges between 0.93 and 0.97 g/cm. HDPE has a high stiffness and hardness. Ethylene-based copolymers, such as ethylene acrylic acid and ethylene... 

Chem. Descrip. A-C 540 (ethylene-acrylic acid copolymer) based wax emulsion CAS 9010-77-9 Uses For floor finishes... 

Chem. Descrip. Ethylene acrylic acid emulsion based on Primacor EAA CAS 9010-77-9... 

Other compositions contain starch, an ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, stearic acid salt and as a glycerol based lubricant. Increasing the temperature gelatinizes the starch and melts the copolymer. Excess moisture is removed imder reduced pressure and the plastic material is extruded (12). An example illustrates starch pol5nner composites in Table 7.3. 

This versatile technique is generally used where a ply of polyethylene or copolymer thereof is required in a structure. Other polymers may be used in specialized areas but the handling can become more difficult. The process is widely used within the Packaging Industry for the coating of paper, board, foils, cellulose film and thermoplastic films. The most common coating resin used is low-density polyethylene, but this now extends to copolymers such as Ethylene-vinyl acetate, ethylene-acrylic acid, polypropylene, high density polyethylene and ionomers (e.g. Surlyn). The acrylic acid-based materials and ionomers are used in areas in which enhanced adhesive strength is required, such as resistance to difficult environments. 

An interesting case of polymer modification involves generation of functional groups on ethylene based copolymers [36]. Recently, a methodology has been described to convert the functional groups of ethylene-acrylate, -CH (COOR) - ethylene-acrylamide -CH (CONH2) - and ethylene-acrylonitrile -CH (CN) - copolymers into an ethylene acrylic acid -CH(COOH)- type copolymer using near critical water (at temperatures of 250 and 300 °C... 

Proposed polysaccharide-derived materials as biodegradable fillers include a variety of starches, cellulose, lignin, sawdust, casein, mannitol, lactose, and other materials. These fillers have been tried in compositions of as much as 80% in a wide range of synthetic resins, including PE, PP, PS, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers, PVC, and vinyl alcohol copolymers. Often additional additives such as fatty acids and processing aids are incorporated to improve the biodegradability of the finished product. Starch-based polymers are discussed further in Chapter 3 of this handbook. 

Nevertheless, several conunercial grades of moderate impact strength polyamides have been produced for a long time by simple melt blending with such impact modifiers as ethylene-ethyl acrylate, ethylene-acrylic acid copolymers and ionomers based on zinc neutralized, ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymers [15-16]. However, in the case of the PA-6, the zinc ionomers have been found to be particularly effective as impact modifiers... 

Liquids and polymer surfaces can include three types of hydrogen-bonding molecules (a) proton acceptors (electron donors or bases) such as esters, ketones, ethers or aromatics including polymers such as PMMA, polystyrene, copoly(ethylene vinyl acetate), polycarbonate (b) proton donors (electron acceptors or acids) such as partially halogenated molecules, including polymers such as PVC, chlorinated polyethylenes or polypropylenes, poly(vinylidene fluoride) and copoly(ethylene acrylic acid) and (c) both proton acceptors and proton donors such as amides, amines and alcohols, including polyamides, polyimides and poly(vinyl alcohol). 

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