Salts, oxygen

Alkali metals Moisture, acetylene, metal halides, ammonium salts, oxygen and oxidizing agents, halogens, carbon tetrachloride, carbon, carbon dioxide, carbon disul-flde, chloroform, chlorinated hydrocarbons, ethylene oxide, boric acid, sulfur, tellurium... 

From Isosafrole. For many years, oxidative cleavage of isosafrole was the only route applicable on an industrial scale. Examples of oxidants that give good yields of heliotropin are chromium(VI) salts, oxygen, and ozone. 

If the needs of the cellular organism are more complex and/or are not very well known, the fermentation requires a complex medium. The C-source, which simultaneously also serves as an N-, S-, and P-source, for such a complex medium can be yeast extract, tryptone, corn steep liquor, or molasses. Requirements for the other elements can be supplemented by the addition of the respective salts. Oxygen is again an exception and has to be supplied in the form of air or, much less often, as pure oxygen. 

CuO CuCI2(s) — 2CuCI(l) + 1/202(g) 500 Feed Powder/granular CuO CuCI2(s) + Q Output Molten CuCl salt + oxygen... 

The oxygen derivatives are stable to most oxidants the sulfur derivatives are cleaved by a wide range of oxidants. The oxygen, but not the sulfur, analogs are readily cleaved by acidic hydrolysis. Sulfur derivatives are cleaved under neutral conditions by mercury(II), silver(I), or copper(II) salts oxygen analogs are stable to those conditions. The properties of oxygen and sulfur derivatives are combined in the cyclic 1,3-oxathianes and 1,3-oxathiolanes. 

Qln more recent reports on the oxidative coupling of phosphonium salts, oxygen is used in presence of 1 mole % VO (acac)2. [59]... 

Environmental EC50 (green alga) 3.13 mg/l Precaution Flamm. incompat. with acids, oxidizing agents, heavy metal salts, oxygen, and moist air or water... 

This type of degradation is accelerated in the presence of iron salts, oxygen and hydrogen chloride. There are some HCl scavengers, some of which are toxic and some are less toxic such as mixtures of magnesium and calcium stearates, and dioctyl tin salts. Less toxic, epoxidised, unsaturated oils such as soy bean oil also act as an HCl scavenger as shown in Reaction 6.14. 

Quaternary protoberberinium salts react with primary and secondary amines to generate aminated protoberberine salts. Oxygenated substituents at C-9 or C-11 are efficiently replaced with nitrogen by this procedure. The use of hindered secondary amines leads to side products due to competing 0-de-methylation of the C-9 or C-11 methoxyls. 

Basic character Hydrazinium salts, oxygen scavenger,... 

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