Ethyl acrylate spectroscopy

ESI mass spectrometry ive mass spectrometry ESR spectroscopy set EPR spectroscopy ethyl acetate, chain transfer to 295 ethyl acrylate (EA) polymerizalion, transfer constants, to macromonomers 307 ethyl methacrylate (EMA) polymerization combination v.v disproportionation 255, 262 kinetic parameters 219 tacticity, solvent effects 428 thermodynamics 215 ethyl radicals... 

As the majority of stabilisers has the structure of aromatics, which are UV-active and show a distinct UV spectrum, UV spectrophotometry is a very efficient analytical method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of stabilisers and similar substances in polymers. For UV absorbers, UV detection (before and after chromatographic separation) is an appropriate analytical tool. Haslam et al. [30] have used UV spectroscopy for the quantitative determination of UVAs (methyl salicylate, phenyl salicylate, DHB, stilbene and resorcinol monobenzoate) and plasticisers (DBP) in PMMA and methyl methacrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymers. From the intensity ratio... 

Attempts to isolate 2,3-dimethoxyfuran (156) have, as yet, been fruitless (79JCS(P1)1893), but it may be generated in situ and trapped with the propiolate (155) the initial adducts (157) are unstable under the acidic conditions and yield the biphenyls (158) and (159) (Scheme 67). 2,5-Bis(trimethylsilyloxy)furans, readily available from succinic anhydrides in one step, are also more reactive than furan in Diels-Alder reactions (80TL3423). They readily undergo reaction with both DMAD and ethyl acrylate. Thus at 50 °C in carbon tetrachloride the furan (160) with DMAD followed by detrimethylsilylation gave only the quinone (163). At 80 °C, however, the hydroquinone (164) is the major product. Both the intermediates (161) and (162) may be detected by ]H NMR spectroscopy. The formation... 

The ionic aggregates present in an ionomer act as physical crosslinks and drastically change the polymer properties. The blending of two ionomers enhances the compatibility via ion-ion interaction. The compatibilisation of polymer blends by specific ion-dipole and ion-ion interactions has recently received wide attention [93-96]. FT-IR spectroscopy is a powerful technique for investigating such specific interactions [97-99] in an ionic blend made from the acid form of sulfonated polystyrene and poly[(ethyl acrylate - CO (4, vinyl pyridine)]. Datta and co-workers [98] characterised blends of zinc oxide-neutralised maleated EPDM (m-EPDM) and zinc salt of an ethylene-methacrylic acid copolymer (Zn-EMA), wherein Zn-EMA content does not exceed 50% by weight. The blend behaves as an ionic thermoplastic elastomer (ITPE). Blends (Z0, Z5 and Z10) were prepared according to the following formulations [98] ... 

Some sulfenic acids have been generated by flash vacuum pyrolysis of alkyl sulfoxides thus, t-butanesulfenic acid (54) was detected as an intermediate in the thermolysis of the t-butyl sulfoxide (55) in various solvents (Scheme 31). Sulfenic acids (45) may also be obtained by thermolysis of thiol sulfinates (56) (Scheme 31). The intermediate sulfenic acids formed in these reactions can be characterised by IR and NMR spectroscopy and may be trapped by addition to ethyl acrylate (57) (Scheme 32). 

Yan et al. [52] explored the use of IPN techniques to produce a composite vinyl-acrylic latex. The first-formed polymer was produced using VAc and divinyl benzene (DVB), while the second formed polymer constituted a BA/DVB copolymer. In both cases the DVB was added at 0.4 wt%. They compared this product with another product, a bidirectional interpenetrating netwodc (BIPN) in which VAc was again polymerized over the first IPN. They noted that the compatibility between the phases was more pronounced in the BIPN than in the IPN as determined using dynamic mechanical measurements and C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. The concept of polymer miscibility has also been used to produce composite latex particles and thus modify the pafamance properties of VAc latexes. Bott et al. [53] describe a process whereby they bloid VAc/ethylene (VAc/E) copolymers with copolymers of acrylic acid or maleic anhydride and determine windows of miscibility. Apparently an ethyl acrylate or BA copolymer with 10-25 wt% AA is compatible with a VAc/E copolymer of 5-30 wt% ethylene. The information obtained from this woik was then used to form blends of latex polymers by polymerizing suitable mixtures of monomers into preformed VAc/E copolymers. The products are said to be useful for coating adhesives and caulks. 

The heterogeneous catalyst Pd/C (10 wt%, 3.0 mol% relative to the olefin) was used in [BMImjPFe to couple various iodobenzenes with ethyl acrylate in up to 95% yield [45]. The corresponding bromobenzenes could be coupled with yields of up to 85%. After the reaction, the product was extracted with -hexane. Dissolution of palladium once reported by Earle and coworkers [46] was not observed according to analysis with induced coupled plasma emission spectroscopy. 

DACBA Diallyl carbonate of bisphenol-A DMS Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy EA Ethyl acrylate EMA Ethyl methacrylate EPDM Ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer HEMA Hydroxyethyl methacrylate lENs Interpenetrating elastomer networks IPN Interpenetrating polymer network LA Loss area... 

Kawai and co-workers [173] determined the composition of butyl acrylate-ethyl acrylate copolymers with a narrow chemical composition distribution by NMR spectroscopy and the components of the copolymers separated by normal and reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using crosslinked acrylamide and styrene beads. Samples containing higher butyl acrylate content elnted faster with normal phase HPLC while the opposite occurred with reversed phase HPLC, indicating that butyl acrylate is less polar than ethyl acrylate. 

Shown in Figure 6.4 is the cross-Unk kinetics of anthracene-labeled poly(ethyl acrylate) at 25 ° C. The reaction kinetics was monitored via the decrease in the absorbance of anthracene with irradiation time by UV spectroscopy. For the irradiation intensity ranging from 1.0 to 5.0 mW cm , the decay of absorbance of anthracene observed at 365 run caruiot be expressed by an exponential function of irradiation time, but is instead well fitted to the following modified Kohhausch-WiUiams-Watts (KWW) function [44] ... 

Poly(ethyl acrylate) T>Tg Photon correlation spectroscopy 4 6 [119]... 

Grafting of methyl methacrylate and ethyl acrylate onto cellulose chains of textiles with oxidised sites has been carried out. All samples have been characterised with C solid-state NMR spectroscopy. ... 

Materials. Palladium-graphite (Pd-Gr) was prepared by the reaction of potassium intercalated graphite and palladium chloride (II) as described in the literature.(i6) The content of palladium in Pd-Gr was determined to be 17 wt% by ICP plasma emission spectroscopy. iV . V -(3,4 -Oxydiphcnylcne)bis(acrylamide) JL was prepared by the condensation of 3,4 -oxydianiline and acrylic acid cMoride. The yield was 56 % and the structure was confirmed as described in the literature.(2) Bis(4-iodophenyl) ether 2. was prepared by the reaction of diphenyl ether, iodine, and bis[ istrifluoroacetoxy)iodobenzene in carbon tetrachloride at room temperature. The precipitate was filtered, washed with methanol, and purified by recrystallization from n-hexane. TTie yield was 59 % and the structure was confirmed as described in the literature. [Yoneyama, 1989 8] Ethyl acrylate, iodobenzene, trialkylamines, 1-decene, nitrobenzene, and all solvents used for the reaction were purified by distillation. Other materials were used as received. 

Nitrogen nucleophiles Investigation of the Michael addition of imidazole to ethyl acrylate in dry media over basic catalysts by the in situ real-time Raman spectroscopy confirmed that the reactions proceed via a direct C-N bond formation no intermediate has been detected. ... 

Abbreviations y x AFM AIBN BuMA Ca DCP DMA DMS DSC EGDMA EMA EPDM FT-IR HDPE HTV IPN LDPE LLDPE MA MAA MDI MMA PA PAC PB PBT PBuMA PDMS PDMS-NH2 interfacial tension viscosity ratio atomic force microscopy 2,2 -azobis(isobutyronitrile) butyl methacrylate capillary number dicumyl peroxide dynamic mechanical analysis dynamic mechanical spectroscopy differential scanning calorimetry ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ethyl methacrylate ethylene-propylene-diene rubber Fourier transform-infra-red high density polyethylene high temperature vulcanization interpenetrating polymer network low density polyethylene linear low density polyethylene maleic anhydride methacrylic acid 4,4 -diphenylmethanediisocyanate methyl methacrylate poly( amide) poly( acrylate) poly(butadiene) poly(butylene terephtalate) poly(butyl methacrylate) poly(dimethylsiloxane) amino-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane)... 

Figure 8.29. DMS of poly(n-butyl acrylate)/poly-(ethyl methacrylate), PnBA/PEMA, latex 50/50 IPN and inverse composition. Dynamic mechanical spectroscopy at 110 Hz shows the two structures to be different. (A, A) 50 PnBA/50 PEMA (O, ) 50 PEMA/50 PnBA. (Sperling et al, 1972.)...

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