Ethers chlorination

Replacement of hydrogen with halogen can be carried out in the alpha position of fluorinated ethers, amines, aldehydes, or nitriles In 2,2,3,4,4,4 hexafluoro-bulyl methyl ether, chlorination occurs predominantly at the methyl, however, bromination occurs mostly at the internal position of the fluorobutyl group 133] (equation 20)... 

Paeonol has been prepared synthetically by Hoesch he allowed 5 parts of resorcinmethyl ether to react with 3 parts of acetonitrile, with zinc chloride and ether. Chlorine was then passed through the mixture for four hours. The mixture was shaken with ether, and the aqueous solution steam distilled, when paeonol comes over with the steam, leaving the non-volatile isopaeonol in the flask. 

Solubility. No quant data is in the literature. In Ref 11, p 19 die order of decreasing soly is given as w, ketones, ales)) esters) organic acids, aliphatic nitro compds) ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons, hydrocarbons. Within each class the solubility decreases with increasing chain length... 

Chlorine Monoxide, Dimethyl Ether, Chlorine Dioxide and Sulfur Dioxide.—The radial distribution curves for C120, (CH3)20, C102 and S02 (Fig. 8) show two peaks, the positions of the... 

Fig. 8.—Radial distribution curves for chlorine monoxide, dimethyl ether, chlorine dioxide.and sulfur dioxide.

The overall sequence of cyclopropanation of a cyclic silyl enol ether, chlorination with FeCl3, and dehydrochlorination represents a very reliable one-carbon ring expansion method for cycloalkanomer (Table 11). 

Cyanobacteria Ether, chlorinated metabolites, pigments Hentschel et al. (2006)... 

The ability of (67) to react with [2.2.1] bicycloheptene but not maleic anhydride is intimately connected with its strong electron affinity and this property is further emphasized by the observation that it can oxidize hydrochloric acid to chlorine. When dry hydrogen chloride is passed through a solution of (67) in dry ether, chlorine gas is readily detected and a quantitative yield of 1,3-diphenylpyrazol-4-ol hydrochloride is produced. The low-intensity carbonyl IR band of (67) is a manifestation of the compa-... 

Acid derivatives (esters, acid chlorides, anhydrides, nitriles, and amides) are soluble in common organic solvents such as alcohols, ethers, chlorinated alkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Acid chlorides and anhydrides cannot be used in nucleophilic solvents such as water and alcohols, however, because they react with these solvents. Many of the smaller esters, amides, and nitriles are relatively soluble in water (Table 21-2) because of their high polarity and their ability to form hydrogen bonds with water. 

Ether-Chlorinated UNIFAC-FV Ether-Chlorinated Chen at al./UNIFAC-FV... 

Fleet and coworkers discovered that chromium(VI) oxide in 3 1 dichloromethane/diethylether, in the presence of celite, acts as an efficient oxidant for a range of alcohols, and is tolerant of a wide range of acid labile functionalities. In dichloromethane alone chromium(VI) oxide was reported to be inert due to low solubility. This oxidant is particularly effective for the preparation of ketones, but aldehydes, especially a,3-unsaturated, are found to be prone to overoxidation. The oxidizing species is unstable, and therefore it is better to add chromium(VI) oxide to a solution of the alcohol in 3 1 dichloiomethane/di-ethylether. N.b. Diethyl ether/chlorinated solvent mixtures have beat reported elsewhere to inflame spontaneously in the presence of chromium(VI). )... 

Triethylarsine dibromide, (C3H5)3AsBrj.— Triethylarsine sulphide is treated with concentrated hydrobromic acid, or triethylarsine with bromine in alcoholic solution. It crystalli.ses from chloroform in deliquescent needles, easily soluble in water and alcohol, insoluble in ether. Chlorine or nitric acid eliminates the bromine, and with concentrated sulphuric acid decomposition takes place with evolution of hydrogen bromide. 

For if aldehyde is formed, chlorhydric acid must be disengaged, and this latter in the presence of alcohol, should produce chlorhydric ether and water. Under the influence of this water, the chlorine might transform a part of the alcohol into acetic acid, and consequently give rise to acetic ether.Chlorine in acting upon ail these products, ought to convert them into chlorhydric ether, more or less chlorinated, and even into perchloride of carbon,— into aldehyde, acetic acid, and acetic ether, more or less chlorinated. 

Reproductive disorders in humans are known to be caused by more than 100 different individual chemicals and are suspected to be caused by some 200 more. Table 23.1 lists some of these compounds and their Kqw values. W As can be seen from this table, many different types of chemicals containing far different functional groups cause reproductive disorders. These include aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, glycol ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons, pesticides, and heavy metals. Both lipophilic and hydrophilic compounds are contained in the list. Some of the chemicals are rapidly metabolized, whereas others accumulate in adipose tissue and are stored in the body for long periods of time. The mechanisms by which many of these chemicals act remain unknown. 

Properties Colorless, crystalline solid. D 1.080 (15.5/4C), mp 8-10C, refr index 1.4034 (20C). Almost insoluble in water miscible with abphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers, chlorinated hydrocarbons. 

Properties Water-white liquid. Bp 210C. Insoluble in water miscible with alcohol, ether, chlorinated compounds. 

The preparation of sample for both methods is done in the same way as was shown for column chromatography. However, both methods differ in the solvents used for desorption. In the case of the desorption method, the solvents used should have a stronger absorption ability than the compounds in the sample mixtures. Solvents used for analyzing crude oil and its products include alcohols, ketones, ethers, chlorine-containing solvents, benzene, toluene and so on. It is possible to... 

Most organohalogens produced by fungi have an aromatic structure important groups include the chlorinated anisyl metabolites, drosophilins, and other chlorinated hydroquinone methyl ethers, chlorinated sesquiterpenens, chlorinated anthraquinones and strobulirins [72]. 

Carboxylic acid derivatives are soluble in solvents such as ethers, chlorinated alkanes, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Like alcohols and ethers, carbonyl compounds with fewer than four carbons are soluble in water. 

Diethyl ether + chlorine (including a chlorine atmosphere)... 

This group contains many organochlorine and organobromine compounds such as chlorinated benzenes, PCBs, polychlorinated terphenyls, polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), chlorinated paraffins, chlorinated and brominated diphenyl ethers, chlorinated and brominated cycloparaffms. Some of the compounds, for example hexachlorobenzene and mirex, may also be used as pesticides. 

Butanol [ 71-36-3] (1 -butanol) is a colorless neutral liquid that has a limited miscibility with water and a characteristic odor. It is miscible with organic solvents. Butanol has a high solvency for most known natural and synthetic resins, fats, oils, linseed oil, saturated polyesters, and poly(vinyl acetate). It considerably increases the dilutability of cellulose nitrate solutions with non-solvents. Cellulose esters, cellulose ethers, chlorinated rubber, poly(vinyl chloride), vinyl chloride copolymers, and polystyrene are not dissolved by butanol. 

Ethyl acetate [79-20-9] is a colorless, neutral liquid that is partially miscible with water and has a pleasant, fruity odor. It has a good solvency for cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethers, chlorinated rubber, poly(vinyl acetate), vinyl chloride copolymers, polyacrylates, polystyrene, fats, oils, and many natural and synthetic resins (alkyd resins, saturated polyesters, ketone resins). Cellulose acetate is, however, dissolved only in the presence of small amounts of ethanol. Poly(vinyl chloride) is insoluble. 

Butyl diglycol [112-34-5] [2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether] is a clear, colorless, neutral liquid with a pleasantly mild odor. It is miscible with water and organic solvents, including aliphatic compounds. Butyl diglycol has a high solvency for cellulose nitrate, cellulose ethers, chlorinated rubber, poly(vinyl acetate), polyacrylates, and some oils, as well as for many synthetic resins, natural resins, and dyes. Polystyrene, poly(vinyl chloride), fats, and most oils are not dissolved. 

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