Estuarine water, interaction

Nelson [8] studied voltammetric measurement of copper (Il)-organic interactions in estuarine waters. Based on results of previous studies on the effects of organic matter on adsorption of copper at mercury surfaces, Nelson developed a method to evaluate the interactions between divalent copper and... 

A series of experiments was also conducted by Bowman et al. [34] to ascertain the effects of differing environmental factors on the sediment-water interactions of natural estrogens (estradiol and estrone) under estuarine conditions. Sorption onto sediment particles was in this case relatively slow, with sorption equilibrium being reached in about 10 and 170 h for estrone and estradiol, respectively. On the other hand, true partition coefficients calculated on colloids were found to be around two orders of magnitude greater that those on sediment particles. Hence, it was concluded that under estuarine conditions, and in comparison to other more hydrophobic compounds, both estrone and estradiol... 

Nelson, A. (1985) Voltammetric measurement of copper(II) organic interactions in estuarine waters. Anal. Chim. Acta, 169, 287-298. 

Before discussing more details on the controls of ion interactions and speciation in fresh and marine waters, the following two sections will provide a brief description of what is generally known about sources of salts in river and estuarine waters and the general concept of salinity. 

Wolaver, T., Wetzel, R., Zieman, J., and Webb, K. (1980). Nutrient interactions between salt marsh, mudflats, and estuarine water. In Estuarine Perspectives (Kennedy, V., ed.). Academic Press, New York. pp. 123—133. 

One advantage of the ion interaction theory is that it can be applied to solutions of different salinities, that is, to brines, seawaters with different salinities, and estuarine waters. While the ionic medium method provides a very simple solution to many problems, especially for the speciation of constituents in the open ocean, it cannot readily be applied to solutions of different salinity that is, brines, seawater, and estuarine waters must be treated as separate solvents (Pabalan and Pitzer, 1988). 

The speculation continues here into estuarine waters, bounded in this analysis at both inlet and outlet by waters that can, in the presence of suitable NOM, yield stable colloids. Diffuse layer thicknesses in these waters are small, on the order of 1 nm at 7 = 0.1. There can be sufficient salt in these waters to prevent classical DLVO electrostatic stabilization this is the conventional view. There may also be insufficient salt to form a thick layer of adsorbed NOM by screening of intra- and intermolecular repulsive interactions of the molecules of NOM. The result would then be a region of ionic strength or salinity in an estuary within which colloidal particles have a minimum stability and a maximum sticking probability. This possibility is shown by the proposed relationship between a and ionic strength shown in Figure 12. 

Darby, D.A., Adams, D.D. Nivens, W.T. (1986) Early sediment changes and element mobilization in a man-made estuarine marsh. In Sediment and Water Interactions, ed. P.G. Sly, pp. 343-351, New York Springer-Verlag... 

Zhou J.L., Rowland SJ. (1997), Evaluation of the interactions between hydrophobic organic pollutants and suspended particles in estuarine waters. Water Research, 31, 7, 1708-1718. 

When compared to freshwater systems, interactions between of Fe and S in marine and estuarine systems can further complicate the mechanisms controlling P release. Reduction of FeOOH is most important in controlling the release and efflux of PO43- across the sediment-water interface. 

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