Intermolecular interactions repulsive

The speculation continues here into estuarine waters, bounded in this analysis at both inlet and outlet by waters that can, in the presence of suitable NOM, yield stable colloids. Diffuse layer thicknesses in these waters are small, on the order of 1 nm at 7 = 0.1. There can be sufficient salt in these waters to prevent classical DLVO electrostatic stabilization this is the conventional view. There may also be insufficient salt to form a thick layer of adsorbed NOM by screening of intra- and intermolecular repulsive interactions of the molecules of NOM. The result would then be a region of ionic strength or salinity in an estuary within which colloidal particles have a minimum stability and a maximum sticking probability. This possibility is shown by the proposed relationship between a and ionic strength shown in Figure 12. 

Although tri-tert-butylethylene has been prepared, it has not as yet been possible to prepare tetra-fert-butylethylene, which should have very severe repulsive interactions between the tert-butyl groups. There are many other examples of intramolecular steric interactions that lead to increased strain energies. Intermolecular steric interactions can lead to reduced reactivity. ... 

Filled orbitals which cannot physically separate because they are part of the same molecule may have substantially larger overlap than the intermolecular case, and the destabilizing interaction, , may be much larger than the stabilizing interaction, AeL-The net repulsion will lead to conformational changes so as to minimize the repulsive interactions. If the interaction cannot be avoided by conformational change, then as the result of the interaction, a pair of electrons is raised in energy. The system has a lower... 

In the development of the set of intermolecular potentials for the nitramine crystals Sorescu, Rice, and Thompson [112-115] have considered as the starting point the general principles of atom-atom potentials, proven to be successful in modeling a large number of organic crystals [120,123]. Particularly, it was assumed that intermolecular interactions can be separated into dispersive-repulsive interactions of van der Waals and electrostatic interactions. An additional simplification has been made by assuming that the intermolecular interactions depend only on the interatomic distances and that the same type of van der Waals potential parameters can be used for the same type of atoms, independent of their valence state. The non-electric interactions between molecules have been represented by Buckingham exp-6 functions,... 

The net energy of intermolecular interaction or internal physical energy, , between separated two bodies, is the results of both attractive and repulsive effects. The repulsive interaction is created between two neighboring molecules to avoid occupying the same space. Thus, it rises very steeply to high positive values when the intermolecular separation falls below a certain distance. It otherwise has little effect on the internal energy. 

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