Estuarine salt marshes

Nixon SW. 1980. Between coastal marshes and coastal waters-A review of twenty years of speculation and research on the role of salt marshes in estuarine productivity and water chemistry. In Hamilton P, MacDonald KB, eds. Estuarine and Wetland Processes. New York Plenum, 437-525. 

Burns KA, Teal JM. 1979. The West Falmouth oil spill Hydrocarbons in the salt marsh ecosystem. Estuarine and Coastal Marine Science 8(4) 349-360. 

Rublee, P.A., 1982. Seasonal distribution of bacteria in salt marsh sediments in North Carolina. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Sci., 15 67-79. 

Differential metal concentrations in tissues or organs, as well as the growth rates and production of sea grasses78 and salt marsh plants,81 have been used to calculate the potential cycling/turnover of metals within a system and/or the annual export of contaminants from an estuarine environment to adjacent coastal waters. Similar studies have been performed for macroalgae23 and have provided valuable information on contaminant transport and bioavailability processes within and between aquatic ecosystems, since contaminants associated with decaying plant biomasses will become bio-available through herbivory or the detritivore food web. 

Wetlands such as freshwater/salt marshes and mangroves have been shown to be major sources of primary production in estuarine systems (Kirby and Gooselink, 1976 Pomeroy and Wiegert, 1981). In fact, the outwelling hypothesis of Odum (1968) suggested that salt... 

Marine/estuarine phytoplankton C—4 salt marsh plants Benthic microalgae C-3 Freshwater/brackish marsh plants... 

Azotobacter spp. Black Sea sediments Seagrass sediments Macroalga Codium Intertidal sediments Estuarine sediments Salt marsh sediments... 

Strict anaerobes Desulfovibrio spp. Seagrass sediments Intertidal sediments Salt marsh sediments Estuarine sediments... 

Day, J.W., Smith, W.G, Wagner, P.R., and Stowe, W.C. (1973) Community structure and carbon budget of a salt marsh and shallow bar estuarine system in Louisiana. 

Luther III, G.W., Giblin, A., Howarth, R.W., and Ryans, R.A. (1982) Pyrite and oxidized iron mineral phases formed from pyrite oxidation in salt marsh and estuarine sediments. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 46, 2665-2669. 

McCaffrey, R.J., and Thomson, J. (1980) A record of the accumulation of sediments and trace metals in a Connecticut salt marsh. In Advances in Geophysics, Estuarine Physics and Chemistry Studies in Long Island Sound (Saltzman, B., ed.), pp. 165-236, Academic Press, New York. 

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