Estrogens neoplasms

Liver and Gallbladder. High dosages of oral estrogens have been reported to increase the risk for jaundice, cholestatic hepatitis, gallstones, and hepatic vein blood clots. Estrogens promote the development of hepatic neoplasms associated with increased hepatic cell regenerative activity (186,187). 

O Heavy smokers (greater than or equal to 15 cigarettes per day) over the age of 35, as well as patients with a history of thromboembolic disease, stroke, coronary artery disease, any estrogen-dependent neoplasm, or undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding, should not take estrogen-containing contraceptives. 

History of any estrogen-dependent neoplasm Undiagnosed abnormal uterine bleeding Pregnancy (known or suspected)... 

HRT should not be prescribed to women with a history of or active thromboembolic disease, breast cancer or estrogen-dependent neoplasm, pregnancy, liver disease, or undiagnosed vaginal bleeding. It also should not be used for the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease, cerebrovascular disease, or dementia.11... 

Contraindications Carcinoma of breast estrogen-dependent neoplasm history of or active thrombotic disorders, such as cerebral apoplexy, thrombophlebitis, or thromboembolic disorders hypersensitivity to progestins severe hepatic dysfunction undiagnosed abnormal genital bleeding... 

Irradiation induces leukemias and lymphomas of varying types and frequencies in laboratory animals, depending on the conditions of irradiation and the susceptibility of the exposed species and strain (Upton, 1967 Kaplan, 1967 UNSCEAR, 1977). Similarly, such neoplasms are induced by various chemicals, e.g., 3-methylcholanthrene (Irino et al., 1968 Akamatsu et al, 1968), estrogens (Gardner and Dough ty, 1944), 7-12-dimethylbenzanthracene (Sydnor et al., 1962 Huggins and... 

Estrogens should not be used in patients with estrogen-dependent neoplasms such as carcinoma of the endometrium or in those with—or at high risk for—carcinoma of the breast. They should be avoided in patients with undiagnosed genital bleeding, liver disease, or a history of thromboembolic disorder. In addition, the use of estrogens should be avoided by heavy smokers. 

These drugs are contraindicated in patients with thrombophlebitis, thromboembolic phenomena, and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disorders or a past history of these conditions. They should not be used to treat vaginal bleeding when the cause is unknown. They should be avoided in patients with known or suspected tumors of the breast or other estrogen-dependent neoplasms. Since these preparations have caused aggravation of preexisting disorders, they should be avoided or used with caution in patients with liver disease, asthma, eczema, migraine, diabetes, hypertension, optic neuritis, retrobulbar neuritis, or convulsive disorders. 

Estrogens are contraindicated in patients with estrogen-dependent neoplasms such as carcinoma of the breast or endometrium. Vaginal adenocarcinoma has been reported in young women whose mothers were treated when pregnant with them with diethylstilbestrol in an effort to prevent miscarriage. 

Contraindications Oral contraceptives are contraindicated in the presence of cerebrovascular and thromboembolic disease, estrogen-dependent neoplasms, liver disease, and migraine headache. 

Wallace ML, Longacre TA, Smoller BR. Estrogen and progesterone receptors and anti-gross cystic disease fluid protein-15 (BRST-2) fail to distinguish metastatic breast carcinoma from eccrine neoplasms. Mod Pathol. 1995 8 897-901. 

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