Enzymes polysaccharide-degrading

Enzymes Degrading Macromolecules. Enzymes that degrade macromolecules such as membrane polysaccharides, stmctural and functional proteins, or nucleic acids, have all shown oncolytic activity. Treatment strategies include the treatment of inoperable tumors with pepsin (1) antitumor activity of carboxypeptidase (44) cytotoxicity of ribonudease (45—47) oncolytic activity of neuraminidase (48—52) therapy with neuraminidase of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (53) antitumor activity of proteases (54) and hyaluronidase treatment in the management of human soHd tumors (55). 

In eukaryotes, anabolic and catabolic pathways that interconvert common products may take place in specific subcellular compartments. For example, many of the enzymes that degrade proteins and polysaccharides reside inside organelles called lysosomes. Similarly, fatty acid biosynthesis occurs in the cytosol, whereas fatty... 

Bacterial, plant, and fungal enzymes for degradation/modification of polysaccharides left-hand-twisted /8-solenoid with L-type cross section... 

Viral enzyme for degradation of polysaccharides trimer of /3-solenoids with L-type cross section and a small left-handed twist... 

Liquid-chromatographic techniques have been useful for studying the mode of action of various polysaccharide-degrading enzymes. Rapid and quantitative, l.c. end-product analysis has been used to study the action... 

Polysaccharide degrading enzymes have a long history of commercial application in food processing, horticulture, agriculture, and protein research. As with most other industrial enzymes, the economic use of polysaccharidases often depends on obtaining the maximum activity lifetime in the process environment and/or securing a recovery system that permits the sensible reuse of active enzymes from process streams. 

Jarvis, M. C., Threlfall, D. R., Friend, J. (1981b). Potato cell wall polysaccharides degradation with enzymes from Phytophthora infestans. J. Exp. Bol, 32,1309-1319. 

Acids act similarly and rapidly to permanently disrupt the glyeosidic bonds. Thus polysaccharides degrade to their original monosaccharide units when heated with aqueous acids. Enzymes catalyze this degradation and provide both plants and animals with a source of glucose. 

Choct, M., Hughes, R., Trimble, R.P., Angkanapom, K. and Annison, G. (1995) Non-starch polysaccharide-degrading enzymes increase the performance of broiler chickens fed wheat of low apparent metabolizable energy. Journal of Nutrition 125, 485-492. 

Cellulose Cellulose is a straight-chain polymer of glucose units linked by (31-4 bonds. The polysaccharide chains are aligned to form fibrils that have great tensile strength. Cellulases, enzymes that degrade cellulose, are absent in mammals but are produced by some bacteria, fungi and protozoa. 

Kubicek, C., and Penttila, M. 1998. Regulation of production of plant polysaccharide degrading enzymes by Trichoderma. In Harman, G., and Kubicek, C. (Eds.), Trichoderma and Gliocladium, 2 (pp. 49-72). London Taylor and Francis Ltd. 

More knowledge of physical and chemical properties of pectic enzymes, their substrate specificity, pattern of action, action on plant tissues, interaction with each other and other polysaccharide degrading enzymes is essential to establish their technological roles and to improve existing applications and to develop new applications. 

Y. Aoki and Y. Kamei, Preparation of recombinant polysaccharide-degrading enzymes from the marine bacterium, Pseudomonas sp. ND137 for the production of protoplasts of Porphyra yezoensis, Eur. J. Phycol., 41 (2006) 321-328. 

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