Enzymatic reactions mechanisms

T. C. Bruice and S. I Benkovic, Bioorganic Mechanisms, Vol. 1, W. A. Benjamin, New brk, 1966, pp. 1-258 W. P. Jencks, Catalysis in Chemistry and Enzymology, McGraw-Hill, New York, 1969 M. L. Bender, Mechanisms of Homogeneous Catalysis from Protons to Proteins, Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1971 C. Walsh, Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, W. H. Freeman, San Francisco, 1979 A. Fersht, Enzyme Structure and Mechanism, 2nd ed., W. H. Freeman, New York, 1985. 

Walsh, C., 1979. Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms. San Francisco W. H. Freeman and Company. 

Hansch C, Dentsch EW, Smith RN. The nse of snbstitnent constants and regression analysis in the stndy of enzymatic reaction mechanisms. J Am Chem Soc 1965 87 2738-42. 

Walsh, C. (1979). Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms. W. H. Freeman, San Francisco Williams, A. (1984). In The Chemistry of Enzyme Action (ed. M. I. Page), Chap. 5. Elsevier, Amsterdam... 

The enzymatic reaction mechanism was determined by incubating a-carotene 6, a non-symmetric substrate of the enzyme, under a 02 atmosphere in H2 0 followed by isolation and characterization of derivatives of the cleavage product 2 (6). Accordingly, the enzyme cleaving the central double bond of 1 was found to be a non-heme iron monooxygenase (P-carotene 15,15 -monooxygenase) and not dioxygenase as termed earlier (Fig. 3). From the chemical point of view this enzymatic reaction is very unusual for various reasons (i) the reaction... 

Walsh C (1979) In Enzymatic reaction mechanisms. Freeman and Co, San Francsisco,... 

There is a huge literature on enzymes and how they work. Two of the best treatments are A. Eersht, Structure and Mechanism in Protein Science A Guide to Enzyme Catalysis and Protein Folding, W. H. Ereeman, New York, 1999 and P. A. Prey and A. D. Hegeman, Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, Oxford University Press, New York, 2007. 

Frey, P.A. and Hegeman, A.D. (2007) Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, Oxford University Press, Oxford. 

Rubber molecules are synthesized from one APP molecule, which initiates the reaction, and the rubber polymer (cw-l,4-polyisoprene) is then polymerized by sequential condensations of the non-allylic IPP (magnesium cations are a required cofactor) with release of a diphosphate at each condensation. After initiation and elongation, a termination event occurs in which the rubber molecule is released from the enzyme. Despite the similar process, remarkable differences exist between plant species with respect to enzymatic reaction mechanisms and product molecular weight. 

The double-reciprocal plot of enzyme reaction rates is very useful in distinguishing between certain types of enzymatic reaction mechanisms (see Fig. 6-14) and in analyzing enzyme inhibition (see Box 6-2). 

A good source for in-depth discussion of the classes of enzymatic reaction mechanisms described in the chapter. 

B-79MII1000 C. Walsh Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms, Freeman, San Francisco, 1979,... 

Several broad themes recur frequently in enzymatic reaction mechanisms. Among the most important of these are (1) proximity effects, (2) general-acid and general-base catalysis, (3) electrostatic effects, (4) nucleophilic or electro-philic catalysis by enzymatic functional groups, and... 

Many enzymatic reaction mechanisms are accelerated or even only made possible by the absence of water or other solvents. The enzyme supports desolvation by redirecting part of the possible binding energy liberated from the binding between enzyme and substrate. 

Wang, Q., Graham, R.W., Trimbur, D., Warren, R.A.J. and Withers, S.G. (1994). Changing enzymatic reaction mechanisms by mutagenesis conversion of a retaining glucosidase to an inverting enzyme. JAm Chem Soc, 116, 11594 11595. 

Walsh CT (1979) Enzymatic reaction mechanisms. W.H. Freeman, New York... 

For the first time, inverse substrates provide a general method for the specific introduction of an acyl group into the trypsin active site without recourse to cation-containing acyl compounds. The preparation of various new acyl enzymes is expected to lead to the discovery of novel features of the enzymatic reaction mechanism. In addition, any desired reporter groups might be specifically introduced into the trypsin... 

Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms I Lactate dehydrogenase is one of the many enzymes that require NADH as coenzyme. It catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to lactate ... 

Enzymatic Reaction Mechanisms II Biochemical reactions often look more complex than they really are. In the pentose phosphate pathway (Chapter 14), sedoheptulose 7-phosphate and glycer-aldehyde 3-phosphate react to form erythrose 4-phosphate and fructose 6-phosphate in a reaction catalyzed by transaldolase. 

Hydrolytic activity of pepsin is maximal at pH 2-3, the stomach pH, and aspartate is an essential component of the active site. Pepsin is inactive at pH 7. Which enzymatic reaction mechanisms is most likely of major importance in the action of pepsin ... 

---