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Environmental loading ratio

The basic result is, in principal, an agreement with the German investigation described earlier [19]. The reference scenario landfill has the lowest cost but the greatest environmental load. A recycling ratio of 15% (R15 in Fig. 13.34) gives an obvious decrease of the environmental load without a significant increase... [Pg.557]

Pressurized fluidized bed combustion (in a coal-fired thermal plant) offers efficiency and reduction in environmental loads. The coal ash produced in this process is a consequence of firing a mixture of pulverized limestone and coal. In this process, the mixes are burned at a lower temperature than that carried out in the conventional power plant which produces fly ash. There is a possibility of utilizing coal ash as an admixture in concrete. Thermal analysis of the hydration products obtained at different w/s ratios fi om coal ash-cement pastes indicated substantially lower amounts of lime than that estimated in pure cement pastes, This indicates... [Pg.345]

Unfortunately the literature is rampant with data obtained from cyclones of so wide a variety of deviating dimensional ratios and ill defined particle properties, sizes and loadings, that full agreement between designers, theorists and practitioners has not yet been achieved. However, in practice, the enormous number of cyclones installed in identical industrial process applications in the petroleum and petrochemical industries (Zenz, A P I., 1975) throughout the world and spurred by a common interest in economics and environmental regulations, has led to the correlations shown as the solid curves in Figs. 2 and 3. [Pg.776]

Torre-Abreu, C Ribeiro, MF Henriques, C Delahay, G. Characterisation of CuMFI catalysts by temperature programmed desorption of NO and temperature programmed reduction. Effect of the zeolite Si/Al ratio and copper loading, Appl. Catal, B Environmental, 1997, Volume 12, Issues 2-3, 249-262. [Pg.78]

Since a considerable proportion of all petroleum is consumed in vehicle traction - a particularly inefficient way of extracting energy from a scarce resource which simultaneously causes severe environmental pollution in urban areas - the possibility of replacing vehicles driven by internal combustion engines with battery-powered electric transport is under active consideration, and the development of advanced batteries for this purpose is being pursued in a number of countries. Since batteries for electric vehicles (EVs) must be transported as part of the vehicle load, they require high power/mass ratios in addition to high cycle efficiency. [Pg.5]

Controlled variables include product compositions (x,y), column temperatures, column pressure, and the levels in the tower and accumulator. Manipulated variables include reflux flow (L), coolant flow (QT), heating medium flow (Qb or V), and product flows (D,B) and the ratios L/D or V/B. Load and disturbance variables include feed flow rate (F), feed composition (2), steam header pressure, feed enthalpy, environmental conditions (e.g., rain, barometric pressure, and ambient temperature), and coolant temperature. These five single loops can theoretically be configured in 120 different combinations, and selecting the right one is a prerequisite to stability and efficiency. [Pg.241]

Figure 6.45 Fatigue life data, S-N curves, for a high-strength steel under different environmental conditions. Stress ratio R — — 7. Loading frequency 7 Hz for tests in 0.6 M NaCIsolution. Horizontal arrows indicate failure condition not attained. OCP = open-circuit potential102... Figure 6.45 Fatigue life data, S-N curves, for a high-strength steel under different environmental conditions. Stress ratio R — — 7. Loading frequency 7 Hz for tests in 0.6 M NaCIsolution. Horizontal arrows indicate failure condition not attained. OCP = open-circuit potential102...
Chamber measurement Supply air quality Background concentration Sink effects/recovery Air exchange ratio Air tightness of the environmental test chamber Internal air mixing Air velocity Accuracy of temperature, RH and air exehange ratio Product loading factor... [Pg.131]


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Environmental load

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