English walnut

Nuts and Nut Products. Nuts are used mainly as edible products and marketed either with or without the shell, as the demand requites. The most popular nuts ia the shell are English walnut, filbert, almond, Brazil nut, peanut, pistachio, and the improved, or paper-shell, pecan the most popular salted and roasted nut kernels iaclude these as well as the cashew, macadamia, and pignofla. Each year more nuts are shelled ia ceatraHy located plants and marketed as meats. The annual per capita consumption of shelled tree nuts ia the United States rose from 0.78 kg in 1987 to 1.00 kg in 1992 (132). 

A considerable quantity of oil can be extracted from waste material from shelling and processing plants, eg, the inedible kernels rejected during shelling and fragments of kernels recovered from shells. About 300 t of pecan oil and 300—600 t of English walnut oil are produced aimuaHy from such sources. The oil is refined and used for edible purposes or for the production of soap the cake is used in animal feeds (see Feeds and feed additives). Fmit-pit oils, which closely resemble and are often substituted for almond oil, are produced on a large scale for cosmetic and pharmaceutical purposes (143). For instance, leaves, bark, and pericarp of walnut may be used to manufacture vitamin C, medicines, dyes and tannin materials (144). 

Wilson-Kakashita G, Gerdes DL and Hall WR. 1995. The effect of gamma irradiation on the quality of English walnuts (Juglans regia). Lebensm Wiss Technol 28(1) 17-20. 

Robotham, J.M., Teuber, S.S., Sathe, S.K., and Roux, K.H. 2002. Linear IgE epitope mapping of the English walnut (Juglans regia) major food allergen, Jug r 1. J Allergy Clin Immunol 109( 1) 143—149. 

Many allergenic 2S albumins originate from the Brassicaceae family, i.e., oriental mustard seed Bra j 1, rapeseed Bra n 1, turnip Bra r 1, and yellow mustard seed Sin a 1. Furthermore, Brazil nut Ber e 1, black walnut Jug n 1, Jug r 1, and Jug r 4 from English walnut, Ses i 1 and Ses i 2 from sesame, Ric c 1 from castor bean, Ana o 3 from cashew nut, and Pis v 1 from pistachio have been included into the IUIS official allergen fist. 

Juglone (5-hydroxy-1,4-naphthoquinone) is a water-soluble yellow pigment that is exuded from leaves, fruits, bark, and roots of black walnut Juglans nigra), English walnut (J. regia), and hickory (Carya ovata) trees, among others. 

Crocus sativus (Indian saffron) Juglans regia (English walnut) Krameria species (ratany)... 

The fresh fruit-shell of Juglans regia (English walnut) contains the naphthoquinone constituent juglone, which is mutagenic and possibly carcinogenic. The juglone content of dried shells has not yet been studied adequately. 

Walnuts are large, deciduous trees bearing separate male and female flowers on the same plant. To get the heaviest nut production, plant 2 different cultivars for cross-pollination. The most commonly grown types are black walnut Julians nigra) and English walnut... 

Tree stunted and bears yellow leaves. Causes Crown rot blackline. If the trunk near the soil line is diseolored or oozing sap. suspect crown rot, a disease caused by too much water and poor soil drainage. Improved drainage may help. If you find small holes or cracks at the graft union, remove some bark around the area and look for a black line. Blackline virus infects English walnuts grafted onto J. hindsii rootstocks. There is no cure. 

French nut oil OH from either the English walnut or the European chestnut. 

Contact dermatitis of the finger webs was reported in a man who had been picking black walnuts. The reaction was believed to be due to exposure to the juice of the hull, and no reaction occurred on rechallenge (Siegel 1954). Contact dermatitis to English walnut (Juglans regia) hulls has been reported (Bonamonte et al. 2001 Neri et al. 2006). 

Definition Powder ground from the shell of English walnuts, Juglans regia... 

English name Persian walnut, English walnut... 

Kulkarni, A.S., Khotpal, R.R. and Bhakare, H.A. (1991) Studies on glycolipids of kenaf, English walnut, myrobalan and manila tamarind seeds of the Vidarbha Region (India). J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 68, 891-893. 

A similar situation exists in India with the production of English walnuts in Europe with the production of hazel nuts in Brazil with reference to Brazil nuts with black walnuts, butternuts, and heart nuts in the Appalachian Mountains and with other nuts around the world including coconuts. Pine nuts have hardly begun to be planted. 

All of the nuts in Table N-4, except almonds, cashews, coconuts, filberts, and pistachios contain liberal amounts of linoleic acid—the essential polyunsaturated fatty acid. One ounce (28 g) of peanuts, Brazil nuts, or English walnuts provides about 4, 7, and 10 g of linoleic acid, respectively. Therefore, It may be better to rely on nuts rather than vegetable oils to supply the essential fatty acid linoleic acid because the nuts also furnish protein, minerals, and certain vitamins that are not supplied by the oils. Shelled nuts, like vegetable oils, should be kept refrigerated to prevent them from becoming rancid. 

Fig. W-1. English walnuts approaching maturity. (Courtesy, Sun-Diamond Growers of California, Stockton, Calif.)...

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