Enamel adhesives

Wastes from the manufacture, formulation, supply and use (MFSU) of coatings (paints, varnishes and vitreous enamels), adhesive, sealants and printing inks Wastes from the photographic industry Inorganic wastes from thermal processes... 

When the direct-on process is utilized, surface preparation requirements are more critical to ensure effective enamel adhesion. The acid etch is often deeper and the nickel deposition is always thicker. Typically, the nickel coating is 0.01 to 0.02 g/m2 for direct-on coating as compared to 0.002 to 0.007 g/m2 for two-coat applications. A few porcelain enamelers prefer to omit the nickel deposition step. Although the nickel enhances enamel bonding, product quality requirements may not require nickel deposition. The omission of the nickel step necessitates the utilization of a heavy acid etch to ensure a clean, properly conditioned surface for enamel bonding.3-6... 

E.J. Swift Jr., Dentin/enamel adhesives review of the literature, Pediatr. Dent 24 (2002) 456-461. 

Uses Monomer for creating and modifying polymers, acrylic resins, urethane methacryiates marine antifouling paint resin comonomer reactive comonomer for acryiic and S/B resins rubber modifier binder for textiies/paper adhesives, nonwoven fabrics, enamels, adhesives grafting of textiie fibers scaie inhibitors adhesion promoter for polymers hydrophilic polymers It.-curing polymer systems reactive thinner for radiation curing food-pkg. adhesives, polymers Manuf./Distrib. Acros Org. Aldrich Allchem Ind. Ashland BP Amoco Electron Microscopy Sciences Fluka ICN Biomed. Research Prods. Kessler Lancaster Synthesis Laporte Perf. Chems. Monomer-Polymer Dajac Labs Pfaltz Bauer Rohm Haas Rohm Tech San Esters Scientific Polymer Prods. Sigma TCI Am. Ubichem pic Whyte Chems. Ltd... 

Hazardous Decomp. Prods. CO2, CO, cyanides, nitrogen oxides Uses Mixts. with 2,4-TDI to mfg. flexible polyurethane foams (for furniture and bedding industry) and rigid polyurethane foams (insulation) mfg. of elastomers, coatings such as polyurethane paints, varnishes, wire enamels, adhesives, sealants in food-pkg. adhesives Regulatay FDA 21CFR 175.105 ManufJDistrib. Bayer/Polymers Trade Names Containing Rubinate TDI 80/20... 

Because of its complexity bonding to dentin has presented more of a challenge than bonding to enamel. Adhesion of restorative resins to dental tissues has been attributed to chemical and/or mechanical factors (2). Theoretically, chemical bonding can occur with either the inorganic (apatite) or organic (collagen)... 

Acrylic dental adhesives have been modified with a phosphate ester linkage by reaction of a glycidyl methacrylate or hydroxyethyl methacrylate with phosphorus oxychloride (158). One such product, a 3M Scotchbond, adheres to dentine as well as to tooth enamel. Adhesion to enamel can be improved in dental bonding cements by including an acryloxyalkyl- or acryloxyaryl acid phosphate component (159). Japanese products utilize an imsaturated phosphinic acid monomer to improve adhesion (160). 

The potential benefits of the use of adhesive monomers both in free-standing dentin-enamel adhesives and in self-adhesive formulations are still somewhat areas of debate. Current restorative resin/dentin adhesive systems have demonstrated outstanding long-term clinical performance in prospective clinical studies [49-53]. 

Torii Y, Itou K, Nishitani Y, Yoshiyama M, Ishikawa K, Suzuki K. Effect of self-etching primer containing A-acryloyl aspartic acid on enamel adhesion. Dent Mater. 2003 19 (4) 253-258. 

Correlation Between Hardness and Abrasion of Photopol nnerized Enamel Adhesives", R. J. Reinhardt and J. Vahl, Dtsch Zahnaerztl Z, 32, 625 (1977)... 

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