Electrospray deposition

Fig. 8.7 Electrospray deposition (ESD). During the ESD process, an electrospray capillary is used to generate small positively charged droplets containing the analytes. The droplets are sprayed onto the silicon surface, where a uniform and thin layer is formed.

Although DIOS-MS is mainly a tool for qualitative analysis, many examples have shown that quantitative analysis is possible when internal standards are used. These may either be isotope-labelled - mostly deuterated - compounds or structurally related analogues. For example, subsequent to electrospray deposition, amino acids such as phenylalanine and tyrosine have been successfully quantified by means of DIOS-MS using their deuterated analogues as internal standards. 

Avseenko, N.V., Morozova, T.Y., Ataullakhanov, F.L, and Morozov, V.N., immobilization of proteins in immunochemical microarrays fabricated by electrospray deposition. Anal. Cheni., 73, 6047-6052, 2001. 

Immobilization of proteins in immunochemical microarrays fabricated by electrospray deposition. Arud. Chem. 73, 6047-6052. 

Immunoassay with multicomponent protein microarrays fabricated by electrospray deposition. Anal. Chem. 74, 927-933. 

Modesto Lopez LB, Pasteris JD, Biswas P (2009) Sensitivity of micro-Raman spectrum to crystallite size of electrospray-deposited and post-annealed Aims of iron-oxide nanoparticle suspensions. Appl Spectrosc 63 627-634... 

Nanoliher fabric prepared by electrospray deposition. Properties See [2714],... 

Matsumoto, H. ct al.. Characterization of chitosan nanofiber fabric by electrospray deposition Electrokinetic and adsorption behavior, J. Colloid Interf. Sci., 310, 678, 2007. 

Once the section is mounted to the sample plate with the desired orientation, matrix solution is deposited on the tissue surface by electrospray deposition, aero spray, or using robotics to deposit small matrix droplets across the tissue surface before MALDI analysis [13]. The most common and least expensive devices available for applying matrix are hand-held aerosol sprayers or air brushes. The main advantage of these devices is that, with careful application, a dispersion of very small droplets... 

Wetzel, S.J., Guttman, C.M. and Flynn, K.M., The influence of electrospray deposition in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry sample preparation for synthetic polymers. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom, 18 (2004) 1139-1146. 

Electrospray deposition. In electrospray deposition, the analyte-matrix solution is passed through a capillary held at high potential and is sprayed over the MALDI plate to provide a much-improved homogeneous sample preparation [52]. 

In electrospray deposition, the matrix solution is electrosprayed through a needle that is attached to a two-dimensional plotter. The needle is moved across the sample in a regular pattern. This procedure provides better control of the amount of the matrix deposited and yields a homogeneous coating. 

It has been shown that nanometer-scale PMBN structures can be formed on the surface of an electrode using an electrospray deposition (ESD) method, enlarging the surface area available for conjugation of biomolecules. A much larger quantity of biomolecules could be immobilized on the ESD surface compared with a planar spin-coated surface. This resulted in a significant increase in the signal from an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) carried out using immobilized enzymes. ... 

Figure 321 (A) Scheme of the setup for electrospray deposition of Pt/C suspensions. (B) Detail of the electrospray process in the needle to substrate space. (For color version of this figure, the reader is referred to the online version of this book.)...

Apply the solution using electrospray deposition techniques. 

Varga, A., Brunelli, N.A., Louie, M.W., Giapis, K.P., and Haile, S.M. (2010) Composite nanostructured solid-acid fuel-cell electrodes via electrospray deposition. J. Mater. Chem., 20, 6309. 

Once the section is mounted to the sample plate with the desired orientation, matrix solution could be also deposited on the tissue surface by electrospray deposition or using robotics to deposit small matrix droplets across the tissue surface before MALDI analysis. 

The matrix deposition method of choice depends on the spatial resolution required. For high spatial resolution IMS, electrospray deposition (ESD) is preferred since it results in considerably smaller crystal sizes than pneumatically assisted nebulization (e.g., by a TLC sprayer). Key issues in development of a matrix deposition method are optimal incorporation of analyte into the matrix crystals and minimal lateral diffusion. These two requirements can be met if the matrix arrives at the tissue surface in very small droplets before all solvent has evaporated. 

For ME-SIMS analysis, samples are covered with a thin layer of matrix by electrospray deposition yielding small (0.3—1 xm) matrix crystals ( g Note 5). 

Figure 22.12. (a) Schematic of the set-up for electrospray deposition of Pt/C suspensions, (h) detail of the eleetrospray process in the needle-to-substrate spaee [96]. (Reprinted from Journal of Power Sourees, 169(1), Chaparro AM, Benitez R, Guhler L, Scherer GG, Daza L. Study of membrane eleetrode assemblies for PEMFC, with eathodes prepared by the eleetrospray method, 77-84, 2007, with permission from Elsevier.)... 

Morota, K., H. Matsumoto, T. Mizukoshi, Y. Konosu, M. Minagawa, A. Tanioka, Y. Yamagata, and K. Inoue (2004). Poly(ethylene oxide) thin films produced by electrospray deposition morphology control and additive effects of alcohols on nanostmcture. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 279(2) 484-492. 

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