Temperature-gradient electrophoresis

Reciprocally, the growth on single C source significantly decreases the bacterial diversity. For example, in the rhizosphere soil of potato, a dramatic reduction in the number of ribotypes was found by temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) after 48 h of incubation with single C source substrate in Biolog microplate wells (I46). 

G. Muyzer and K. Smalla, Application of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) in microbial ecology. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 73 127 (1998). 

Stothard, J.R., Frame, IA., Carrasco, H.J. and Miles, MA (1998) Temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE) analysis of riboprints from Trypanosoma cruzi. Parasitology 117, 249—253. 

Packed capillaries with a larger inner diameter may be useful in preparative separations. These will find an application in proteome research as a part of multidimensional separation systems that will replace 2-D gel electrophoresis. The preparative CEC will require solving of the problems related to heat dissipation since the radial temperature gradient negatively affects the separations, and sample injection. The fabrication of sintered frits in larger bore capillaries is also very difficult. However, in situ polymerized monolithic frits can be fabricated in capillaries of virtually any diameter [190]. 

Rosenbaum V, Reissner D (1987) Temperature gradient electrophoresis. Thermodynamic analysis of nucleic acids and proteins in purified form and in cellular extracts. Biophys Chem... 

FIGURE 3-19 Electrophoresis, (a) Different samples are loaded in wells or depressions at the top of the polyacrylamide gel. The proteins move into the gel when an electric field is applied. The gel minimizes convection currents caused by small temperature gradients, as well as protein movements other than those induced by the electric field, (b) Proteins can be visualized after electrophoresis by treating the gel with a stain such as Coomassie blue, which binds to the proteins blit not to the gel itself. Each band on the gel represents a different pro-... 

In another report, 2D separation was applied to resolve DNA duplexes. Three types of DNA duplexes (136-bp homoduplex, 339-bp heteroduplex, and 450-bp heteroduplex) were involved in a SNP study. First-dimension CGE separated the three types of DNA molecules. Subsequent temperature gradient gel electrophoresis (TGGE), which was an analogous counterpart to denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, was used to resolve the duplexes to reveal SNP [669]. 

Teflon AF amorphous Teflon or copolymer of PTFE and 2,2-bis(trifluoro-methy l)-4,5-difluoro-1,3-dioxide Teryl 2,4,6-trinitrophenyl-iV-methylnitramine TFA trifluoroacetic acid TGF temperature gradient focusing TGGE temperature gradient gel electrophoresis Ti titanium... 

Chen, H. K. and Feng, X. (1999). The technique of temperature gradient gel electrophoresis and its applications. Prog. Biochem. Biophys. 26, 297-299. 

Natural convection generally has a negative effect on separation its countercurrent motion leads to the disruption and smearing of component zones. Electrophoresis is particularly subject to such convective flow because the passage of electrical current generates heat that in turn sets up temperature gradients in the electrophoretic medium. 

Cocolin, L., Manzano, M., Cantoni, C., Comi, G. (2000). Development of a rapid method for the identification of Lactobacillus spp. isolated from fermented Italian sausages using a polymerase chain reaction-temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. Lett. Appl. Microbiol., 30, 126-129. 

Shaji RV, Edison ES, Poonkuzhali B, Srivastava A, Chandy M. Rapid detection of j3-globin gene mutations and polymorphisms by temporal temperature gradient gel electrophoresis. CHn Chem 2003 49 777-81. 

Temperature-gradient electrophoresis (TGGE and TGCE) Scanning... 

Figure 37-12 An example of temperature-gradient capillary electrophoresis (TGCE).The PCR fragments are denatured and annealed before the electrophoresis (see diagram in Figure 37-10). Only one peak is visible for the PCR fragment of a normal homozygous specimen, whereas all four possible duplexes are visible and separated from each other in a heterozygous mutant specimen.The shape of the elution profile (rather than the elution time) is used to compare unknowns with control samples.

Riesner D, Steger G, Zimmat R, Owens RA, Wagenhofer M, Hillen W, et al. Temperature-gradient gel electrophoresis of nucleic acids analysis of conformational transitions, sequence variations, and protein-nucleic, acid interactions. Electrophoresis 1989 10 377-89. 

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