Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes

ELECTRONIC PROPERTIES OF CARBON NANOTUBES EXPERIMENTAL RESULTS... 

A brief review is given on electronic properties of carbon nanotubes, in particular those in magnetic fields, mainly from a theoretical point of view. The topics include a giant Aharonov-Bohm effect on the band gap and optical absorption spectra, a magnetic-field induced lattice distortion and a magnetisation and susceptibility of ensembles, calculated based on a k p scheme. 

Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes Probed by Magnetic Measurements... 

Collins, P. G., Bradley, K., Ishigami, M., and Zettl, A. 2000. Extreme oxygen sensitivity of electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. Science 287 1801-1804. 

Collins, P.G., Bradley, K., Ishigami, M., and Zettl, A. (2000). Extreme oxygen sensitivity of electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. Science, 287, 1801—4. Ohba, T., Omori, T., Kanoh, H., et al. (2004). Intentitial nanopore change of single wall carbon nanohom assembUes with high temperature treatment. Chem. Phys. Lett., 389, 332-6. 

It is essential to give a correct and conclusive description of the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes to get an understanding of their broad potential for appHcations. Chemists and physicists have developed two fundamentally different concepts of the matter. They are either based on considering electrons in molecular orbitals, especially in frontier orbitals, and on examining the Jt-system, or they pursue a soHd-state physical approach that employs density-of-state functions and the band structure in the Brillouin zone of a two-dimensional graphene. 

First experiments and calculations revealed the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes to be in parts rather extraordinary. The small diameter, for instance, causes the occurrence of quantum effects. The tubes behave like a quasi-one-dimensional molecular wire, which is very useful for some electronic apphcations. However, the electronic properties of nanotubes are also related to those of the two-dimensional graphene as the first formally result from the roUing up of the latter. Changes and unexpected phenomena then arise, for example, from the curvature of the graphene lattice. 

The rolled structure of a graphene sheet gives rise to uqirecedeiited electronic properties of carbon nanotubes, vdiere die semiconducting or metallic characteristics depend on chirality and radii. These properties were first predicted by theory (11,12), and then confirmed by eiqieriment (13,14). Indeed, electronic nanodevices such as field-effect transistors were proposed (15,16,17), holding promise also for defense related applications. In addition, carbon nanotubes also attracted considerable attention for field emission, and could possibly be utilized for defense applications such as field emission cathodes in high-power microwave tubes (18), also studied theoretically (19). 

Carbon materials have received great attention in the last decades with the emergence of nanoscience area [75]. The utilization of carbon nanomaterials also possibilities the increase on charge transfer in bioelectrochemical devices. These includes the modification of electrodes with several kinds of carbon at nanometer range carbon powder, carbon nanotubes, graphene sheets and carbon capsules [76-78]. The investigation of electronic properties of carbon nanotubes since their discovery by lijima and co-workers [79] in 1991 are one of the most reported... 

Hecht, D.S., Hu, L., Gruner, G., 2007. Electronic properties of carbon nanotube/fabric composites. Current Applied Physics 7 (1), 60—63. 

Marulanda JM, editor. One-dimensional crystals inside single-walled carbon nanotubes growth, structure and electronic properties. In Electronic properties of carbon nanotubes InTech in Croatia (European Union) 2011 [chapter 8]. 

Odom TW, Huang JL, Kim P, Lieber CM (2000) Structure and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. J Phys Chem B 104 2794—2809... 

Heyd, R., Charlier, A., 8c McRae, E. (1997). Uniaxial-stress effects on the electronic properties of carbon nanotubes. Physical Review B, 55(11), 6820-6824. 

M. Monajjemi and V. S. Lee, Quantum Calculation in Prediction the Properties of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes, in Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes, ed. J. M. Marulanda, InTech, Rijeka, Croatia, 2011, p. 575. 

D. E. K. Sutherland and M. J. Stillman, Mammalian MetaUothioneins, in Brain Diseases and Metalloproteins, ed. D. R. Brown, CRC Press, 2012, p. 81. A. Suzuki and T. Oku, Electronic Stmcture and Magnetic Properties of NdJCgo - SWCNT, in Electronic Properties of Carbon Nanotubes, ed. 

Zhao, J., Park, H., Han, J. et al. 2004. Electronic properties of carbon nanotubes with covalent sidewall functionalization. J. Phys. Chem. B 108 4227-4230. 

Azevedo, S., Chesman, C., and Kaschny, J. R. 2010. Stability and electronic properties of carbon nanotubes doped with transition metal impurities. Eur. Phys. J. B 74 123—128. 

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