Electrode-supported cell assembly

Figure 1. Sensor cell assembly 1, reservoir housing 2, cap 3, support plate 4, M E assembly 5, base plate 6, gasket 1, contact pin 8, thermistor 9, nylon screw 10, Teflon tape 11, gasket 12, gasket 13, counter electrode 14, sensor electrode 15, reference electrode 16, thermistor.

In Section 3, the slow rate of the ORR at the Pt/ionomer interface was described as a central performance limitation in PEFCs. The most effective solution to this limitation is to employ dispersed platinum catalysts and to maximize catalyst utilization by an effective design of the cathode catalyst layer and by the effective mode of incorporation of the catalyst layer between the polymeric membrane electrolyte and the gas distributor/current collector. The combination of catalyst layer and polymeric membrane has been referred to as the membrane/electrode (M E) assembly. However, in several recent modes of preparation of the catalyst layer in PEFCs, the catalyst layer is deposited onto the carbon cloth, or paper, in much the same way as in phosphoric acid fuel cell electrodes, and this catalyzed carbon paper is hot-pressed, in turn, to the polymeric membrane. Thus, two modes of application of the catalyst layer - to the polymeric membrane or to a carbon support - can be distinguished and the specific mode of preparation of the catalyst layer could further vary within these two general application approaches, as summarized in Table 4. 

Min K, Tanaka S, Esashi M (2003) Silicon-based micro-poljnner electrolyte fuel cells. In IEEE intemational conference on micro electro mechanical systems, Kyoto Min K, Tanaka S, Esashi M (2006) Fabrication of novel MEMS-based polymer electrolyte fuel cell architectures with catalytic electrodes supported on porous Si02- J Micromech Microeng 16 505-511 Miu M, Danila M, Ignat T, Craciunoiu F, Kleps I, Simion M, Bragam A, Dinescu A (2009) Metallic-semiconductor nanosystem assembly for miniaturized fuel cell applications. Superlatt Microstmct 46 291-296... 

The items listed in the second section are related to the manufacturing process, as the polymer should be easily dissolved in a suitable solvent to prepare a solid dispersion (slurry) to be coated on the metal support by means of different techniques. The electrode should have enough mechanical stability in order to be machinable during the different phases of cell assembly process as pressing, slitting, winding. 

Typically the total ionic conductivity of the di-ureasils discussed here was measured by placing the sample between gold blocking electrodes, along the so-called electrode/di-ureasiUelectrode assembly, which was secured in a suitable constant-volume support, to form a symmetrical cell. 

Collection of in situ XAS data using a single cell fuel cell avoids problems associated with bubble formation found in liquid electrolytes as well as questions regarding the influence of adsorption of ions from the supporting electrolyte. However, the in situ study of membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) in a fuel cell environment using transmission... 

Modeling of Membrane-Electrode-Assembly Degradation in Proton-Exchange-Membrane Fuel Cells - Local H2 Starvation and Start-Stop Induced Carbon-Support Corrosion... 

The features of the electrode used in this gas-phase electrocatalytic reduction of C02 are close to those used in PEM fuel cells [37, 40, 41] (e.g. a carbon cloth/Pt or Fe on carbon black/Nafion assembled electrode, GDE). The electrocatalysts are Pt or Fe nanoparticles supported on nanocarbon (doped carbon nanotubes), which is then deposited on a conductive carbon cloth to allow the electrical contact and the diffusion of gas phase C02 to the electrocatalyst. The metal nanoparticles are at the contact of Nation, through which protons diffuse. On the metal nanoparticles, the gas-phase C02 reacts with the electrons and protons to be reduced to longer-chain hydrocarbons and alcohols, the relative distributions of which depend on the reaction temperature and type of metal nanoparticles. Isopropanol forms selectively from the electrocatalytic reduction of C02 using a gas diffusion electrode based on an Fe/N carbon nanotube (Fe/N-CNT) [14, 39, 40]. Not only the nature of carbon is relevant, but also the presence of nanocavities, which could favor the consecutive conversion of intermediates with formation of C-C bonds. 

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