Effect on materials

Kocks, U.F., Tome, C.N. and Wenk, H.-R (1998) Texture and Anisotropy Preferred Orientations in Polycrystals and their Effects on Materials Properties (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge). 

The mechanical behavior of plastics on time-dependent applied loading can cause different important effects on materials viscoelasticity. Loads applied for short times and at normal rates (Chapter 2) causes material response that is essentially elastic in character. However, under sustained load plastics, particularly TPs, tend to creep, a factor that is included in the design analysis. 

International Co-operative Programme on Effects on Materials Including Historic and Cultural Monuments, Progress Report, 1990, Swedish Corrosion Institute, Stockholm, Sweden, pp 8 and figures. 

Pollutants Increase of pollutant concentration and enhanced effects on the biota All groups Complex food web effects Diversity decrease Effects on metabolism Effects on material processing... 

Yamaguchi, M. (2006) Magneto-Science Magnetic Field Effects on Materials Fundamentals and Applications (eds M. Yamaguchi and Y. Tanimoto), Kodansha-Springer, Chapter 1.1. 

Impurities in a corrodent can be good or bad from a corrosion standpoint. An impurity in a stream may act as an inhibitor and actually retard corrosion. However, if this impurity is removed by some process change or improvement, a marked rise in corrosion rates can result. Other impurities, of course, can have very deleterious effects on materials. The chloride ion is a good example small amounts of chlorides in a process stream can break down the passive oxide film on stainless steels. The effects of impurities are varied and complex. One must be aware of what they are, how much is present, and where they come from before attempting to recommend a particular material of construction. 

Skin Contact Remove victim horn the source immediately decontaminate the skin immediately with copious amounts of water decontaminate clothing with steam or by boiling 20% alcoholic caustic soda is effective on material, but may damage it seek medical attention immediately. Ingestion Give victim milk to drink seek medical attention immediately. 

Major types of volatile constituents in polymers include unreacted monomers, nonpolymerisable components of the original charge stock, residual polymerisation solvents, and water. Frequently, complex nonpolymerisable mixtures are present. The concentration of these substances may need to be determined for various reasons, such as the effects on materials properties and the risk of tainting in foodstuff- and beverage-packaging grades. For this purpose various GC methods are in regular use ... 

M. J. Morgan and M. H. Tosten, "Microstructure and Yield Strength Effects on Hydrogen and Tritium Induced Cracking in HERF Stainless Steel", Hydrogen Effects on Material Behavior, ed. N. R. Moody and A. W. Thompson, (Warrendale, PA TMS, 1990), 447-457. 

Herein, we will review the preparation and study of this class of functionalized metal dithiolenes, with particular emphasis on the relationships between functionality and solid-state structure, and the overall effect on material properties. Discussion will go beyond the application of this class of thiolene complexes as molecular materials, and equal attention will be given to the effectiveness of various structural motifs when designing these species as polymeric precursors. 

The liquid corona technology can treat hazardous or toxic organic contaminants in water. When the technology is used to treat water, the plasma generates very reactive species that react with the contaminants in the water. The technology developer claims that the technology is very effective on materials that are recalcitrant to other methods of destruction. 

Effects on materials vary widely, depending on the composition of the material and on the particular air pollutant. For example, rubber products and polymers are especially susceptible to 03, whereas metals such as iron are particularly sensitive to acids. Indeed, Haa-gen-Smit and co-workers (1959) used the cracking of rubber by 03 to measure its concentration in air in the early days of photochemical air pollution. A detailed description of the effects of air pollutants on various types of materials is found in the article by Graedel and McGill (1986). 

The size of the HPUR market belies its importance, at least as a surrogate for the use of polyurethane as a chemical. We stress the fact that HPUR is used because the constituent parts of its polymer backbone affect materials with which they come into contact — it is not used to provide strength. Its simplest model absorbs water, but in more complex associations, microorganisms can colonize because of a property known as biocompatibility. In fact, all polyurethanes exert effects on materials in their environments. This book is intended to illustrate that and change the perception of all polyurethanes from simple polymers to physical-chemical devices with absorptive, extractive, and biocompatibility properties. 

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