Effect on dispersions

Corexit 9527 is a water-and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-dissolved dispersant. The nature of the surface-active agent has not been disclosed. Laboratory tests were conducted using 0.5-mm thick, fresh Alberta Sweet-Mixed Blend crude oil treated with Corexit 9527 dispersant applied from an overhead spray boom [165]. The effects on dispersion efficiency of mixing jet pressure, mixing jet flow rate, jet standoff distance, and vessel speed were evaluated. The system operates with a nozzle pressure of 7000 kPa, a flow rate of 55 liter/min per nozzle, and nozzles positioned approximately 0.6 m from the water surface. In laboratory tests, such a system was capable of dispersing 80% to 100% of the surface slick. 

Yong RN, Warith MA (1990) Contaminant migration effect on dispersion coefficients. ASTM.STP 1095 69... 

More recent studies continue to support the unique antifibrillatory activity of bretylium. Kowey et al. [38] have shown that bretylium prevented spontaneous VF and decreased the effects on VF threshold in a feline myocardial infarction model. They attributed this beneficial effect to a decrease in the dispersion of refractoriness between normal and ischaemic regions of the heart. In contrast, clofilium (14, see below), which had little effect on dispersion of refractoriness after coronary occlusion, was unable to prevent spontaneous VF. Similar results were seen in isolated tissue studies with canine subendocardial Purkinje fibres and ventricular muscle which contained both normal and ischaemic regions [39]. In these studies bretylium caused a smaller increase in dispersion of refractoriness in subendocardial Purkinje fibres than either sotalol or clofilium. In ventricular muscle tissue, bretylium decreased dispersion while sotalol and clofilium increased dispersion of refractoriness. 

Verma and McCalla ( ) studied the action of pepsin, papain and a commercial fungal protease on wheat gluten. All enzymes acted effectively on dispersed gluten however, the action of different enzymes produced different types of digestion products. Depending upon desired handling characteristics of bread doughs prepared from treated wheat flour, various types of protease treatments can be selected. 

After all other conditions had been optimized, the effect of temperature during the adsorption step was studied again, particularly because the temperature reduction from 150° to 100 °C had no deleterious effect on dispersion stability. Adsorption of the block copolymer onto the titanium dioxide at room temperature would be easy to carry out in practical applications and might be worth even a sacrifice in dispersion stability. Figure 4 shows settling data of dispersions prepared in a Waring... 

The dyeing process can be also controlled with dyeing accelerants (carriers). Carriers are aromatic compounds that exert a swelling effect on PES fibers and a dissolving effect on disperse dyes [5, p. 283-284], They increase the rate of absorption and diffusion into the fiber and improve level dyeing. 

For small values of A, the return flow fraction flowing across the flight tip increases, thus increasing the potential for dispersion. This is in agreement with experimental results, e. g., Fig. 9.11. The return flow fraction also increases with a larger gap width s. However, the absolute shear and extension rates are then lower, which can have an adverse effect on dispersion. 

Box and Meyer did not present any formal inference procedures for using this statistic to identify dispersion effects. The use seems to be informal for screening factors with large effects from those with no or small effects on dispersion, for example, by making a normal probability plot of the statistics see Montgomery (1990) for an application of this idea. 

Pan, G. (1999). The impact of unidentified location effects on dispersion effects identification from unreplicated factorial designs. Technometrics, 41, 313-326. 

The fluid-fluid interfacial tension also appears as the controllable design parameter in the capillary pressure and its effects on dispersion-based mobility control. As described by Equation 9, the capillary pressure, P, is directly proportional to the fluid-fluid tension, y ... 

The effect, on dispersion and de-agglomeration in water, of electrostatic repulsion force arising from the surface potential and the double layer 1/x around particles has been investigate. Several suspensions of polystyrene latex in an agglomerated state were prepared where j/ and 1 x were controlled by the pH and electrolyte concentration respectively. These were accelerated in a convergent nozzle to give an external force and the resulting dispersions were examined by optical microscopy. It was found that the dispersion was enhanced with an increase in y/and 1/x. 

Specific gravity is defined as the weight of pigment per unit volume relative to a standard, usually water. This property is important, because it can sometimes have an effect on dispersion stability. Pigments that are heavier than the vehicle in which they are dispersed are prone to settling. 

Macdonald, R.W., Hall, D.J., Griffiths, R.F. (1998) Scale model study of building effects on dispersion in the urban canopy at intermediate source distances,... 

Carbon black grafting has a similar effect on dispersion stability (Figure 6.20)." Modified carbon black is substantially improved. The graphs show that... 

Dispersion in the Absence of Dispersing Agents Adsorption and Its Effect on Dispersion... 

Although the real origin of the hydrophobic force stiU remains a mystery, its effect on dispersion stabihty has long been recognized. Somasundaran et al. reported a clear relationship between the stabihty and the surfactant adsorption density as well as the chain length of the adsorbed surfactants. 

Adsorption of PotvMERS and Its Effect on Dispersion Properties 7.5.3.1 Theoretical Considerations on Polymer Adsorption... 

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