Effect of Alum

The Role of Alum in Historical Papermaking. .. and other Polyvalent Metals on the Viscosity of Gelatin Solutions. Journal of the Science of Food. .. WF et al. "The Effect of Alum and pH on Sheet Acidity , go to the following web site http //palimpsest.stanford.edu... 

There are obviously higher values in Scandinavia than in southern Europe and in many local areas such as Cornwall in the United Kingdom (Cliff et al., 1987) there are some substantially higher concentration areas. In Sweden there is a clear effect of alum shale concrete on indoor radon levels both from the perspective of increasing the concentrations indoors, but also because of an increased percentage of the population living in houses of such construction (Swedjemark et al., 1987). Thus, the largest fraction of people live in houses with radon concentrations below 110 Bq/nr. 

The effect of alum as adjuvant was also tested in the liposphere-vaccine formulation. In the presence of lipid A, enhanced immune response is obtained even in the absence of alum. This observation is very important because there is increasing concern about the toxic side effects of alum in the long term. Research has suggested a link between aluminum and diseases of the brain, including Alzheimer s disease. 

Lamb, D.S. and Bailey, G. Acute and chronic effects of alum to midge larvae. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol., 27, 59-67, 1981. 

Moore Jr., PA and Sauer TJ ARS, Fayetteville Arkansas Research designed to determine the effect of alum, phosphoric acid, and a proprietary microbial mixture on composting process (temperatures, COj evolution,) and evaluate changes in ammonia volatilization and nutrient content of composting poultry litter. USDA in-house... 

Figure 8. Illustration of the effects of alum treatment on particle Zeta potentials and turbidity levels in water treatment. (Courtesy L. A. Ravina, Zeta-Meter, Inc., Staunton, VA.)...

FIGURE 9.73 Effects of alum, FeClj, and the mixtures of CaCOj with alum or FeClj on immobilizing water-soluble P in the floodwater. (From Ann et al., 2000a.)... 

Shiba K, Kusajima H, Momo K. The effects of alum inium hydroxide, cimetidine, ferrous sulfate, green tea and milk on pharmacokinetics of gatifloxacin in healthy humans. J Antimicrob Chemother (1999) 44 (Suppl A), 141. 

The metallic taste (12,19,20) is not ascribed to any special taste buds or mouth area. Along with pungency (the hot taste of peppers), astringency (the puckering taste of alum), and cold taste (the cool effect of menthol), the metallic taste is called a common chemical sense (21). 

A more recently introduced product is polyalurninum—siHcate—sulfate or PASS, made by Handy Chemical of Quebec. It is said to be more effective than alum in cold water, have only a slight effect on pH, and leave less residual aluminum in the water. It is sold as a solution (8). 

Molecular weights of polymers that function as bridging agents between particles are ca 10 —10. Ionic copolymers of acrylamide are the most significant commercially (see Acrylamide POLYMERS). Cationic comonomers include (2-methacryloyloxyethyl)trimethylammonium salts, diethyl aminoethyl methacrylate [105-16-8], and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride [7398-69-8], anionic comonomers include acryUc acid [79-10-7] and its salts. Both types of polyacrylamides, but especially the anionic, can be more effective in the presence of alum (10,11). Polyetbylenimine and vinylpyridine polymers, eg, po1y(1,2-dimethy1-5-viny1pyridiniiim methyl sulfa te) [27056-62-8] are effective but are used less frequentiy. 

Gamer and Jennings [431] studied nucleation during the dehydration of potassium and ammonium chromium alums. Detailed kinetic measurements were made for the relatively enhanced rate of nucleation which followed admission of water vapour to the solid after a period of vacuum nucleation. This catalytic effect of water vapour is ascribed to its participation in the reorganization of the lattice which had collapsed during previous treatment in vacuum. 

Amara N, Ratsimba B, Wilhelm A, Delmas H (2001) Crystallization of potash alum effect of power ultrasound. Ultrason Sonochem 8(3) 265-270... 

Narwal R.P., Singh B.R. Effect of organic materials on partitioning, extractability and plant uptake of metals in an alum shale soil. Water Air Soil Pollut 1998 103 405M21. 

In the past, it was thought that building materials were the principal sources of indoor radon (UNSCEAR, 1977). However, most recent studies have shown that with the exception of some unusual materials such as Swedish alum-shale concrete, the effect of building materials on indoor radon is small. 

With regard to what we have spoken of, in order to have an idea clear and precise, and to avoid all contention on what should be meant by the word Nitre, we remark first, and if one doubt of it, it will be clearly seen by the following that there is a large number of bodies which contain a particular acid such as that of saltpeter, and consequently different in its nature and in its effects from all the other acids that we know, from those for example of alum, of vitriol, of sulphur, and of common salt. That this acid is the true nitrous principle, or the true principle of Nitre but as it is only by the aid of art, that is to say, by distillation, that this acid is found free and developed up to a certain point, and that in its natural state it is found in several sorts of terrestrial, saline, sulphureous materials which serve it as base or the matrix, it forms by that, different species of nitrous bodies which are all alike by their acid, and are different from one another by the nature of the materials which enclose the acid. ... 

Bose, P., and Reckhow, D. A. (2007). The effect of ozonation on natural organic matter removal by alum coagulation. Water Res. 41,1516-1524. 

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