Echothiophate

Cholinesterase Inhibitors Echothiophate Phospholine Solution 0.125 Once or twice a day ... 

Powders for Reconstitution. Drugs that have only limited stability in liquid form are prepared as sterile powders for reconstitution by the pharmacist prior to dispensing to the patient. In ophthalmology, these drugs include a-chymotrypsin, echothiophate iodide... 

L The answer is b. (Hardman, pp 166-167.) Echothiophate iodide is a long-acting (irreversible) cholinesterase inhibitor. It is used topically in the eye for the treatment of various types of glaucoma. Maximum reduction of intraocular pressure occurs within 24 h, and the effect may persist for several days. The drug is a water-soluble compound, which affords it a practical advantage over the lip id-soluble isofluorphate (another cholinesterase inhibitor used to treat glaucoma). 

Diphenhydramine hydrochloride, 3,173 Diphenoxylate hydrochloride, 7,149 Disulflram, 4, 168 Dobutamine hydrochloride, 8,139 Droperidol, 7,171 Echothiophate iodide, 3,233 Epinephrine, 7, 193 Ergotamine tartrate, 6,113 Erythromycin, 8,139 Erythromycin estolate, 1, 101 2, 573 Estradiol valerate, 4,192 Ethambutol hydrochloride, 7,231 Ethynodiol diacetate, 3,253 Fenoprofen calcium, 6,161 Flucytosine, 5,115 Fludrocortisone acetate, 3, 281 Fluorouracil, 2,221 Fluoxymesterone, 7,251 Fluphenazine enanthate, 2, 245 4,523 Fluphenazine hydrochloride, 2,263 4,518 Gluthethimide,5,139 Gramicidin, 8,179 Griseofulvin, 8,219 Halcinonide, 8,251 Halothane, 1, 119 2,573 Hexetidine, 7,277 Hydralazine hydrochloride, 8,283 Hydroflumethiazide, 7,297 Hydroxyprogesterone caproate, 4,209 Hydroxyzine dihydrochloride, 7,319 Iodipamide, 3,333 Isocarboxazid, 2, 295... 

Echothiophate Echothiophate, 5-(2-trimethylaminoethyl)-0,0-diethylthiophosphate (13.2.23), is made by reacting diethylchlorophosphoric acid with 2-dimethylaminoethylmer-captane, giving 5-(2-dimethylaminoethyl)-0,0-diethylthiophosphate (13.2.22), which is alkylated by methyliodide, forming echothiophate (13.2.23) [51]. 

Echothiophate is a phosphorylthiocholine with pharmacological action analogous to that of isofluorophate however, spontaneous reduction of phosphorylated enzyme occurs faster after using isofluorophate. It is used in various forms of glaucoma. Synonyms of this drag are echodide and phospholine iodide. 

Echothiophate Most cases of angle-closure glaucoma (because of the possibility of increasing angle-block). 

Myasthenia gravis Because of possible additive adverse effects, administer echothiophate only with extreme caution to patients with myasthenia gravis who are receiving systemic anticholinesterase therapy. 

Echothiophate Iodine (Phospholine Ophthalmic) Epinastine (Elestat)... 

Examples of X groups are fluorine in isoflurophate (Floropryl, no longer available in the United States or Canada) and echothiophate (Phospholine). Parathion and malathion (insecticides) are thiophosphates... 

Lehman, R.A., and Nicholls, M.E. Antagonism of phosphollne (echothiophate) iodide by certain quaternary oximes. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 104 550-554, i960. 

Another use for acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is in glaucoma, in which high intraocular pressure can lead to permanent damage to the optic disk, resulting in blindness. The local instillation of physostigmine (8.14) or echothiophate (8.19) solution in the eye results in a long-lasting decrease in the intraocular pressure as well as myosis (contraction of the pupil). 

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