Eagle effect

Toluene demand in 1996 increased because of the new Amoco and Mobil (Chalmette) disproportionation plants as well as other capacity changes at Coastal (Eagle Point), Phillips (Sweeney), Gulf Chemicals (Arochem plant, Puerto Rico), Koch, and Texaco (Huntsman, Port Arthur). Dewitt (71) forecasts continued increase for this appHcation at the rate of about 14% between 1995 and the year 2000. These will have a significant effect on toluene price and availabiUty in the later 1990s. On the other hand, toluene demand for gasoline blending is expected to decline by about 283 million Hters by 1997-1998. 

Bowerman, D.A., Best, T.G., and Grubb, G.M. et al. (1998). Trends of contaminants and effects in bald eagles of the Great Lakes Basin. In M. Gilbertson et al. (Eds.) Trends in Levels and Effects of Persistent Toxic Substances in the Great Lakes, 197-212. 

Nygard, T. and Gjershaug, 1.0. (2001). The effects of low levels of pollutants on the reproduction of golden eagles in Western Norway. Ecotoxicology 10, 285-290. 

Bald eagle Juvenile Blood Widespread disfiibution large existing database apparent reproductive effects... 

Amabeoku GJ, Eagles P, Scott G, Mayeng I, Springfield E. Analgesic and antipyretic effects of Dodonaea angustifolia and Salvia africana-lutea. J Ethnopharmacol 2001 75 117-124. 

Hoffman, D.J., O.H. Pattee, S.N. Wiemeyer, and B. Mulhem. 1981. Effects of lead shot ingestion on d-ami-nolevulinic acid dehydratase activity, hemoglobin concentration, and serum chemistry in bald eagles. Jour Wildl. Dis. 17 423-431. 

Current recommendations include the discontinuance of topical applications of famphur to cattle because of its association with primary and secondary poisoning of birds — especially magpies, hawks, and eagles — and more research on famphur in the three areas of latent effects on treated livestock, fate and effects in aquatic ecosystems, and carcinogenicity evaluation. 

Prepare treatment medium containing various concentrations of test compound 19.7 ml of Eagle s medium (without serum) plus 300 pi of stock concentration of compound in a preferred solvent (e.g., water, ethanol, DMSO, etc.). The final concentration of solvent other than water should not exceed 1% v/v. Normally a range of 0-5000 pg ml-1 (final concentration) is covered. For a sparingly soluble compound, the highest concentration will be the lowest at which visible precipitation occurs. Similarly, if a compound has a marked effect on osmolality, concentrations should not be used that exceed 500 milliosmoles (mosm) per kg. In addition, a pH range of 6.5-7.5 should be maintained. 

Figure 4 Effect on the serum stability of the incorporation of 5% cholesterol poly(ethy-lene glycol) (PEG) into cationic lipoplexes [hpopolyamine RPR209120/DOPE1/1, ratio (mol) lipid/DNA = 10 in 150 mM NaCl]. Lipoplexes were incubated in DMEM + 10% SVF, at 37°C, aliquots were regularly sampled and monitored by dynamic diffusion. Results represent a mean between three measurements. Error bars are not presented to simplify the graph, but differences among PEG, PEG-1, and PEG-2 are significant. Abbreviations PEG, poly(ethylene glycol) DOPE, dioleylphosphatidylethanolamine DMEM, Dulbecco s Modified Eagle Medium.

Williams, J.H. and Eagle, D.J. Persistence of dichlorbenil in a sandy soil and effects of residues on plant growth. Weed Res., 19 315-319, 1979. 

Figure 5 Species sensitivity distribution (SSD) for the NOEC of specific dioxin-induced effects invertebrate species (common and Foster s tern, cormorant, bald eagle, European otter, mink, harbour seal and sole) expressed as internal...

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