Basic dyes classification

Mishra and Tripathy (1993) proposed a simplified classification as follows anionic (direct, acid, and reactive dyes), cationic (basic) dyes, and nonionic (disperse) dyes. There are many structural... 

Dyes may be classified according to their constitution, such as azo dyes, phthaleins, alizarines, etc., but from the standpoint of the dyer the more important classification is that which is based on the behavior of the dyes with fibers. Dyes are grouped in this way as substantive or direct, and adjective or mordant. Dyes are also classed as acidic and basic. In addition to the dyes belonging to these classes, there are a few, such as indigo and other Vat dyes, aniline black, and the so-called ingrain colors, which are produced by chemical reactions within the fiber. 

Azo dyes are classified according to a color index system based on usage and chemical constituents. These are subdivided into monoazo, disazo, trisazo, and polyazo derivatives with a specific assigned range of color index number. Another classification system involves dividing dyes into dyeing classes such as acid, basic, disperse, direct, mordant, and reactive dyes. Azo compounds are used extensively as dyes to color varnishes, paper, fabrics, inks, paints, plastics, and cosmetics. They are used in color photography. 

Diethyl-m-aminophenolphthalein hydrochloride. See Basic violet 10 D C Red No. 19 3-(Diethylamino) phenol sulfate. See N,N-Diethyl-m-aminophenol sulfate N,N-Diethyl-m-aminophenol sulfate CAS 68239-84-9 EINECS/ELINCS 269-478-8 Synonyms 3-(Diethylamino) phenol sulfate Phenol, 3-(dimethylamino)-, sulfate Classification Substituted aromatic amine salt Empirical C10H15NO H2O4S Uses Hair dyes intermediate for prep, of oxidation color systems Trade Name Synonyms Rodol DEMAPS T[Lowenstein Dyes Cosmetics http //www.Jhlowenstein. com]... 

Solvent blue 7. See p-Phenylazoaniline Solvent blue 8. See Basic blue 9 Solvent blue 18. See 1,4,5,8-Tetraaminoanthraquinone Solvent blue 97 CAS 61969-44-6 Classification Anthraquinone Properties Dens. 1.18g/cm3 m.p. 200°C Uses Colorant in both transparent and opaque dyeing of PS, SAN, PMMA, PC, rigid PVC, CA and CAB colorant in opaque dyeing of SB,... 

Further classification was obtained by direct analysis of pen strokes on paper (without elution) using laser desorption ionization (LDl) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry. However, only basic dyes and pigments could be identified by positive mode LDFMS. 

There are, of course, many varieties in each of these chemical classifications, so that the result is hundreds of individual dyes each with its own specific characteristics for hue and use on substrates. Dyers have arranged this very complex and large group of chemical products into ten categories arranged by the method of application to the fiber or substrate acid dyes, azoic dyes, basic dyes, direct dyes, disperse dyes, reactive dyes, solvent dyes, sulfur dyes, vat dyes, and mordant dyes. It is in these categories that dyestuffs are discussed in the trade. 

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