Durand factor

FIG. 6-33 Durand factor for minimum suspension velocity. (From Govier and Aziz, The Flow of Complex Mixtures in Pipes, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, 1972.)... 

Fi = Is the Durand factor based on grain size and volume concentration 1 3 = the critical transition velocity between flow with a stationary bed and a heterogeneous flow... 

The Durand factor Fi is typically represented in a graph for single or narrow graded particles, as in Figure 4-7 after the work of Durand (1953). However, since most slurries... 

Palma, A., Rivas-Silva, J. F., Durand, J. S., and Sandoval, L. (1992), Algebraic Approximation to the Franck-Condon Factors for the Morse Oscillator, Inf l J. Quant. Chem. 41,811. 

Caspar-Bauguil, S., Tkaczuk, J., Haure, M.J., Durand, M., Alcouffe, J., Thomsen, M., Salvayre, R., and Benoist, H., 1999, Mildly oxidized low-density lipoproteins decrease early production ofinterleukin 2 and nuclear factor kappaB binding to DNA in activated T-lymphocytes, Biocfem. J. 337 269-274. 

Pouzot, M., Nicolai, T., Durand, D., and Benyahia, L. 2004. Structure factor and elasticity of a heat-set globular protein gel. Macromolecules 37 614-620. 

Colle, I., Durand, F., Pessione, F., Rassiat, E., Bernuau, E., Barriere, E., Lebrec, D., Valla, D.C., Moreau, R. Clinical course, predictive factors and prognosis in patients with cirrhosis and type 1 hepatorenal syndrome treated with terlipressin a retrospective analysis. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. 2002 17 882-888... 

The occurrence of HMWHCs in crude oils has typically been determined by simulated distillation but the poor chromatographic resolution associated with this approach has been a limiting factor in understanding the complexity of the HMWHC fraction (Trestianu et al. 1985 Thomson Rynaski 1992 Neer Deo 1995 Durand et al. 1998). Routine analyses of waxy crude oils by HTGC have revealed that HMWHCs are composed of complex mixtures of alkyl-cycloalkanes, methylbranched alkanes, and alkyl-aromatic hydrocarbons, and may represent a significant fraction of the whole oil (Hsieh Philp 2001). 

Kamar N, Milioto O, Puissant-Lubrano B, Esposito L, Pierre MC, Mohamed AO, Lavayssiere L, Cointault O, Ribes D, Cardeau I, Nogier MB, Durand D, Abbal M, Blancher A, Rostaing L. Incidence and predictive factors for infectious disease after rituximab therapy in kidney-transplant patients. Am J Transplant 2010 10(1) 89-98. 

Beyond these cellular factors, the acellular elements complementing the tumor as complex, autonomous tissues are increasingly identified as critical and potent carcinogenic promoters and modulators of tumor ceU sensitivity to conventional radiation and chemotherapies. The panel of acellular elements comprises, among others, soluble growth factors, oxygen, metabohtes, and the proteins of the extracellular matrix (ECM) (Cordes and Park 2007 Durand 1994 Kim etal. 2006 Petersen et al. 2003 Tannock 1996 Vaupel and Mayer 2005 Wedgwood and Younes 2006). 

Lojou E, Durand MC, Dolla A, Bianco P (2002) Hydrogenase activity craitrol of Desulfovibrio vulgaris cell coated carbon electrodes biochemical and chemical factors influencing the mediated bioelectrocatalysis. Electroanalysis 14((13)) 913-922. doi 1040-0397/02/ 1307-0913... 

Glaoguen F, Durand R. Simulations of PEFC cathodes an effectiveness factor approach. J Appl Electrochem 1997 27 1029-35. 

FIGURE 4-7 Durand velocity factor versus particle size comparison between the conventional values for single graded slurries and Schiller s equation using for wide graded slurry. 

Schiller and Herbich (1991) proposed the following equation for the Durand velocity factor based on the of the particles ... 

Using the approach developed by Durand and Condolios, the fanning friction factor for the slurry is correlated with the friction factor for an equivalent volume of water by... 

In the last thirty years, considerable progress has been made with stratified flows. The new two-layer models push the envelope of understanding beyond the limits of the models of Durand, Zandi, and Wasp into the range of volumetric concentrations of 30%. But these models have their limitations too. Certainly it would be unwise to use the two-layer model when the cI q is smaller than 74 micrometers. There is stUl a considerable amount of experimental data associated with these stratified models needed to obtain the Conlom-bic friction factor and to determine the difference in velocity between the upper and lower layers. When the particles are not too coarse, such a difference is not too large, and approximations such as those proposed by Richardson and Khan are Justified, but when the c/so is around 400 micrometers or higher, the difference in velocity and shear between the upper and lower layers become important. 

Simple pore models (Srinivasan et al., 1967), thin-film models (Srinivasan and Hurwitz, 1967), macrohomogeneous models, and refined variants of agglomerate models are still being applied and further developed for the present generation of ionomer-bound composite catalyst layers in PEFCs (Gloaguen and Durand, 1997 Jaouen et al., 2002 Karan, 2007 Kulikovsky, 2002a, 2010b Sun et al., 2005). Effectiveness factor approaches have been elaborated as quantitative tools to compare... 

Gloaguen, F. and Durand, R. 1997. Simulations of PEFC cathodes An effectiveness factor approach. J. Ami. Electrochem.. 27(9). 1029-1035. 

P.L. Olive, D. Wlodek, R.E. Durand, J.P. Banath, Factors influencing DNA migration from individual... 

Nouri M, Terada H, Alfonso EC, Foster CS, Durand ML, Dohlman CH. Endophthalmitis after keratoprosthesis, incidence, bacterial causes risk factors. Arch Ophthalmol... 

In addition to the finite element simulation, other structural numerical simulations also can be greatly accelerated by the use of GPUs. For example, Durand et al. (2012) simulated rock impact on a concrete slab using the discrete element method (DEM), and the use of a GPU (Tesla C2050) reportedly showed a speedup factor of 30. 

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