DuPont branding

A further problem arises with large single-vessel microwave reactors. To contain the pressures likely to be generated, strong materials must be used for the reaction vessels, but they must also be microwave transparent This rules out metals on this scale and leaves thick-walled (quartz) glass, ceramics, and polytetrafluoroethene (PTFE, better known by the DuPont brand name Teflon), or combinations thereof. 

PTFE is most well known by the DuPont brand name Teflon. It is highly resistant to chemicals and wear. According to DuPont, its melting point is 327 °C, but its mechanical properties degrade above 260 °C. Therefore, PTFE allows for processing steps in the 250 °C range. 

Aromatic polyamides are called aramids. These are produced in much lower volume than the aliphatic nylons, but because of their rigidity and high heat capabilities, are useful in certain specialty applications. Probably the two most common are the Dupont brands, Kevlar and Nomex . They can... 

An elastomer made by substituting chlorine and sulphonyl chloride groups into polyethylene. The material is best known by the trade name Hypalon, which is the DuPont trade mark for their brand of chlorosulphonated polyethylene. 

In Table III, for comparative purposes, DuPont Par screen speeds were set equal to 1 and Kodak Blue Brand BB-54 film was set equal to 1. Table III also lists the resolution of various experimental 100 micron thick screen pairs when the indicated average particle diameter (APD) were used. The radiologic signal to noise ratios were calculated using the following expression which takes in to account the reduced x-ray absorption required because of the screen speed for equal thickness screens. 

DuPont s Pioneer is the world s leading seed brand. 

Chemical companies have their own brands of biocides. For example, AkzoNobel proposes Arquad and Berol Chemtura, the Bellacide Degussa, the Quab Dow, the Dowicide DuPont, the RelyOn Lonza, the Bardac and Barquat and Rohm and Haas, the Kathon biocide product line. 

DuPont Co, Wilmington, Del has been manufg several brands of ammonia dynamites, such as "DuPont Extra , "Red Cross Extra , /J Cross Blasting FP/ f etc Son)e of their... 

Principal brands Glospan/Cleerspan , Globe (multifilamem) Lycra . DuPont (coalesced monofilament)... 

This review summarizes the recent works on syntheses of solid superacids and their catalytic action, including Lewis acids and liquid superacids in the solid state, as discussed in Sections Il-IV. Sections VI and VII describe new types of solid superacids we have studied in this decade sulfate-supported metal oxides and tungsten or molybdenum oxide supported on zirconia. Perfluorinated sulfonic acid, based on the acid form of DuPont s Nafion brand ion membrane resin, is also gaining interest as a solid superacid catalyst Nafion-H-catalyzed reactions are reviewed in Section V. 

A convenient solid of perfluorinated-sulfonic acid can be made readily from DuPont s commercially available Nafion brand ion membrane resins. Powder granules of the 1200-EW polymer, Nafion 501, have been used most frequently in catalytic applications the price in the K+ form of the perfluorosulfonic salt, 501X, was 650/kg in 1981. Because only the potassium salt derivative is commercially available, the salt is converted to the free sulfonic acid by treatment with mineral acid. A standard procedure for the conversion is described below. This procedure also serves to regenerate the resin in various catalytic cycles. 

The compounding ingredients for preparation of adhesion test specimens, magnesia (MgO), zinc oxide, Zalba Special (hindered phenol antioxidant from E. I. duPont de Nemours and Co.), and Bakelite-brand t-butylphenolic resin CK-1634 (Union Carbide Corp.) were used as... 

Examples from different industry segments show that moving from products to services is one way to build switching barriers (Fig. 13.3). Another option is to build a strong brand in the minds of the customers customers - as DuPont has done with Lycra, which itself has become a fashion item. But branding can only leverage - not replace - performance. 

Figure 6.9 Worker dressed in a hooded coverall made from DuPont Tyvek . Tyvek is a DuPont registered trademark for its brand of spunbonded olefin. Only DuPont makes Tyvek .

Besides scientific names, many polymers are indicated by their common name, trade name, brand name, or abbreviation (commercial names) [4]. Typical examples of common names are nylon or silicone. Several nylons are known and the name nylon 6 is used for poly[imino(1-oxo-1,6-hexandiyl)], the name nylon 66 is used for poly(iminohexa-methyleneiminoadipolyl), etc. Trade names such as Teflon for poly(tetrafluoro-ethylene) made by DuPont, Nomex for poly(iminoisophthaloylimino-1,3-phenylene), or Kevlar for poly(iminoisophthaloylimino-1,4-phenylene) are also common. Many abbreviations are in use for both homopolymers and copolymers. Table 1.2.1 gives some of the common abbreviations for polymers. 

Within the past five years, commercial interest in metallocene catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins has increased enormously. Commercial production of a rising number of polyolefin types from different companies is creating a burgeoning and highly diversified demand for metallocenes. New brand names (e. g., Metocene (Basell), Elite (Dow Chemical), Engage (DuPont), Exact (ExxonMobil), Luflexen (Basell), Apel (Mitsui Chemicals), Borecene (Borealis), Finathene (TotalFinaElf), Topas (Ticona), just to name a few) characterize polyolefins such as PE, elastomers, PP, cycloolefin copolymers (COCs) and PS from metallocene-type catalysts [1-3]. 

By 1923, leaded gas was being pumped at Dayton, Ohio. By the following year, GM, DuPont Chemical Company (which controlled about a third of GM s stock) and Standard Oil of New Jersey, combined their various patents and produced leaded gasoline under the Ethyl brand name. 

FIFE was first commercialized by DuPont, under the brand name Teflon. PTFE is a very highly crystalline polymer, extremely inert, an excellent barrier, and exhibits a very low coefficient of friction. Its glass transition temperature (Tg) is about -100°C, and its melt temperature is about 327 C (621°F). Flowever, its very high viscosity makes it very difficult to process. PTFE is used most often as a component in packaging equipment, such as providing a nonstick surface on heat sealers, rather than in packages themselves. 

Figure 9.4 and Table 9.1 respectively show the chemical structure and the properties of these materials. Most commonly used is poly(butylene adipate-co-terephtalate) (PBAT). BASF, DuPont and Zhejiang Hangzhou Xinfu (China) manufacture and market these aromatic polyesters, under the respective brands Ecoflex , Biomax and Biocosafe . Biomax has a high terephthalic acid content, which modifies some of its properties such as the melting temperature (200°C). According to Muller et al., an increase in terephthalic acid content tends to decrease the rate of biodegradation into compost [MUL 97]. 

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