Ammonia dynamite

An important advance in dynamite was the substitution of ammonium nitrate for part of the nitroglycerin to produce a safer and less expensive explosive. Nobel made this new dynamite successful by devising gelatins that contained from 20 to 60 percent ammonium nitrate. Ammonium nitrate was too hygroscopic, hence, work began to develop a nongelatinous form., The solution, found in 1885, was coating ammonium nitrate with a little paraffin to produce a series of ammonia dynamites,... 

Co. They are NG-sensitized Ammonia Dynamites of 20 to 60% grade strengths and a uniform density of 110, l/4x8-inch, cartridges pet 50 pounds. More cfc tailed description of their properties without revealing... 

Previous- to this, however, Nobel worked on expls consisting of NG partially absorbed by mixtures of combustible materials (such as woodmeal, charcoal, rosin, sugar, starch, etc) with oxidizers (such as K or Na nitrates) and was granted Englpat 442 of 1869- These expls, as well as Ammoniakrut and Seranin, setved as prototypes for expls known in the US as "Ammonia Dynamites or "Ammonium Nitrate Dynamites - These Dynamites are used in the USA, Canada and Mexico (See also in Vol 1 of Encycl, under AMMONIUM NITRATE BLASTING EXPLOSIVES)(Ref 58, pp A341 to A356)... 

Ammonium Nitrate Explosives, known as Ammonium Nitrate Dynamites or Ammonia Dynamites (Ref 62, p64Q)... 

Class IV. Nongelatinous (powdery) Nitro-gIycerin-Ammonium Nitrate Explosives, known as Ammonium Nitrate Dynamites or Ammonia Dynamites. They contain sub stantial amounts of AN which usually replaces part of NG and of Na nitrate. The replacement of part of Na nitrate by AN increases the volume of gas produced on detonation. They have approximately the same explosive-strength values as do the Gelatin Dynamites, but have lower rate of detonation and brisance values (Ref 62, p640)... 

In the manufacture of Ammonia Dynamites, the same procedure is followed as described here under "Nongelatinous Dynamites with an Active Base", known as "Straight Dynamites"... 

A list of rypical American "Ammonia Dynamites" is given in Table, p A355 of Vol 1. of Encycl of Expls (Ref 58). Some... 

In Table IX are listed some "Ammonia Dynamites" developed at Apache Powder Co, Benson, Arizona between WWI and WWIl. Composition of these expls, which are "permissible" was communicated to us in 1950 by Dr I.A. Grageroff... 

Nongelatinous Ammonia Dynamites (Permissible) of Apache Powder Co, Benson, Arizona... 

Seismex" is a high strength Ammonia Dynamite which provides the same seismic return as the gelatins but is not as water resistant and its detonation velocity is lower. It should not be exposed to severe conditions (See also Ref 63, p362)... 

Sausage Powder A series of three Ammonia Dynamites, designated as A, B ... 

I. Controlled Blasting, described in Chap 28 of Ref 63, includes Line Drilling, Cushion Blasting and Pre-shearing, One can use "Trimtex and "Trimtex Z , which are modified DuPont Ammonia Dynamites (Ref 63, p43)... 

Note C A 2-hour extraction period is allowed for Permissible, Straight, Semigelatin and Ammonia Dynamites. Four to six hours are required for Gelatin Dynamites and Blasting Gelatin... 

Ammonia dynamite 10-50% Nitroglycerine, woodmeal Ammonium nitrate... 

Ammonia Dynamites are listed in this work as Ammonium Nitrate Dynamitest with the exception of the following ... 

AMMONIUM NITRATE DYNAMITE (AND) OR AMMONIA DYNAMITE (AMMONDYNAMIT, IN GER)... 

DuPont Co, Wilmington, Del has been manufg several brands of ammonia dynamites, such as "DuPont Extra , "Red Cross Extra , /J Cross Blasting FP/ f etc Son)e of their... 

Sensitiveness of Explosives, Tests conducted at the USBurMines with 40 and 60% gelatin- and ammonia- dynamites in ctges 7/8, 1 1/4 and 1 1/2" diam, showed that both the rate of deton and the gap test values decreased with a decrease in diam. It was found also that more misfires took place in small boreholes than in larger ones. As the proportion of paper wrapper to explosive... 

Other expls used during WWII for demolition purposes were Dynamites of the types procured as commercial items, such as Straight Dynamites, Ammonia Dynamites, Gelatin Dynamites and Ammonia Gelatin Dynamites 13) Anon, "Demolition Materials , US Dept of the Army Tech Manual TM9-1946(1955) 14) B.T. Fedoroff et al... 

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