Drugs for the treatment

A widely prescribed drug for the treatment of gastric ulcers with the generic name cimetidine is a synthetic imidazole derivative Firefly luciferm is a thiazole derivative that IS the naturally occurring light emitting substance present m fireflies... 

Cytarabine, 4-amino-l-/3-D-arabinofuranosylpyrimidin-2(lif)-one or cytosine arabino-side (1033 R = H, X = NH2), is an established drug for the treatment of acute leukaemias of childhood and adult granulocytic leukaemia. It must be given intravenously and much of the drug becomes the corresponding inactive uracil derivative in vivo by virtue of a deaminase in the liver it interferes with DNA but not RNA synthesis, and it has incidental... 

The disadvantage in war periods of relying on a single source of supply for an essential commodity became evident when Java was invaded by the Japanese in March 1942, the world being thereby deprived of about 90 per cent, of its customary supply of cinchona bark. Quinine was ther still considered an indispensable drug for the treatment of malaria an<3 its use had to be restricted to that purpose stocks of quinidine wew similarly reserved for use in cardiac disease, In efforts to deal with th<... 

The selectivity of the cyclization using enamino-esters 18-20 derived from m-halogenated anilines 14-16, provided mixtures of 5- and 7-substituted quinolines. In all of these cases, the cyclization gave either equal amounts of the 5- and 7- isomers or in the case of m-iodoaniline, about a 1 2 ratio was observed. During the time of these publications, it was the desire of the authors to obtain the 7-substituted quinolines, which were potential drugs for the treatment of malaria. 

N-Heterocycles as drugs for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia 97JMC1293. 

The oldest effective drug for the treatment of this disease is indisputably quinine. Although the antipyretic activity of cinchona bark was known to the Incas, it remained for the Jesuit missionaries to uncover its antimalarial properties in the early seventeenth century. The advance of organic chemistry led to the isolation and identification of the alkaloid, quinine, as the active compound at the turn of this century. The emerging clinical importance of this drug led up to the establishment of cinchona plantations in the Dutch East Indies. This very circum-... 

Bendamustine is a useful antineoplastic drug for the treatment of non-Hodgkin s lymphomas, multiple myeloma and as a partner drug in the combination therapy of some solid tumors. The cross-resistance with other alkylating drugs is not complete. Myelosuppression and lymphocytopenia is its main dose-limiting toxicity. 

Antacids are neutralizing agents. Examples are magnesium hydroxide, magnesium trisylicate and aluminium hydroxide. Prior to the introduction of histamine-H2 receptor antagonists and proton pump inhibitors, they were the standard drugs for the treatment of duodenal/ peptic ulcers. Today their clinical use is limited to the treatment of dyspepsia and the symptomatic relieve for patients with peptic ulcers. 

In the USA, LTRAs have largely replaced theophylline as the incremental drug for the treatment of moderate and severe asthma, where LABA plus ICS alone do not provide adequate control. For patients with mild persistent asthma, LTRAs have been designated as a suitable substitute for low dose ICS by the National Asthma Education Panel Program (NAEPP) of the National Heart and Lung Institute (National Institutes of Health). However, inhaled ICS are more efficacious. 

Tranquilizers (also called antianxiety drugs) are used to treat a variety of psychiatric disorders which go along with anxiety (anxiety disorders). Serotonin-reuptake inhibitors and the benzodiazepines are the most commonly employed drugs for the treatment of common clinical anxiety disorders. 

PTKs have been implicated in the regulation of a variety of biological responses such as cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and survival. They have been demonstrated to play significant roles in the development of many disease states, including immunodeficiency, atherosclerosis, psoriasis, osteoporosis, diabetes, and cancer. In recent clinical trials impressive antitumor effects of PTK inhibitors have been observed. In future, PTK inhibitors may therefore become important drugs for the treatment of specific cancers. 

List some nursing diagnoses particular to a patient taking a drug for the treatment of musculoskeletal disorders. 

URINARY RETENTION. If a patient receives a cholinergic drug for the treatment of urinary retention, die nurse palpates die abdomen in the pelvis area to determine if distention is present. A rounded swelling over die pelvis usually indicates retention and a distended bladder. The patient may also complain of discomfort in the lower abdomen. In addition, die nurse takes die patient s blood pressure and pulse rate... 

Mr. Anthony is prescribed a cholinergic blocking drug for the treatment of peptic ulcer. In planning patient teaching for Mr. A nthony before dismissal from the hospital, determine what information must be included to prevent complications of therapy. 

Table 5 Classification of antiretroviral drugs for the treatment of HIV infection...

In the near future new drugs for the treatment of Alzheimer s disease are expected to be licensed, and it would be extremely valuable to be able to compare them in a clear and well-defined framework. In addition, if economic evaluation is to inform health and social care providers and policy-makers about the potential impact of new interventions in practice, estimation of the value for money of these new interventions requires consideration of (a) the perceived and objective risks and benefits of care (b) attitudes of people with... 

Revicki DA (1999). Pharmacoeconomic studies of atypical antipsychotic drugs for the treatment of schizophrenia. Schizophr Res33 (suppL), slOl-9. 

Cinchona alkaloids have been used as drugs for the treatment of several diseases. Quinine is very popular as an antimalarial drug against the erythrocyte stage of the parasite [34]. Recently, Shibuya et al. (2003) reported the microbial transformation of four Cinchona alkaloids (quinine, quini-dine, cinchonidine, and cinchonine) by endophytic fungi isolated from Cin-... 

The classic example of a peroxisome proliferator is clofibrate. This compound was developed as a drug for the treatment of hyperlipidaemia disorders. Given to rodents, it induces the proliferation in the liver of peroxisomes and, at high concentrations over a prolonged period of time, induces the development of hepatomas. A number of other compounds are now known to possess this property, many of them structural analogues of clofibrate (Reddy and Rao, 1986). 

An approach to selection of drugs for the treatment of patients with hypertension should be evidence-based with considerations regarding the individual s co-existing disease states, co-prescribed medications, and practical patient-specific issues including costs. 

Is Cassytha filiformis L. holding some potential as a source of drugs for the treatment of Parkinson s disease ... 

In conclusion, a massive body of evidence has been presented to show that the medicinal plants of the Pacific Rim hold serious potential as source of drugs for the treatment of CNS-related disorders. In summary, the most remarkable feature is... 

One class of stimulants, the amphetamines, was synthesized originally as possible alternative drugs for the treatment of asthma and was a principal component of the original Benzedrine . Amphetamine-like stimulants are known and consumed especially for their activity-sustaining effects (i.e. increased alertness, strength, and endurance). Their wake-promoting properties... 

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