Conducting polymers doping

Fig. 1. (a) Comparison of normalised electrical conductivity of individual MWCNTs (Langer 96 [17], Ebbesen [18]) and bundles of MWCNTs (Langer 94 [19], Song [20]). (b) Temperature dependence of resistivity of different forms (ropes and mats) of SWCNTs [21], and chemically doped conducting polymers, PAc (FeClj-doped polyacetylene [22]) and PAni (camphor sulfonic acid-doped polyaniline [2. ]) [24]. 

In principle, such propositions resemble the bipolaron model, which presents the physicist s view of the electronic properties of doped conducting polymers 53-159) The model was originally constructed to characterize defects in solids. In chemical terminology, bipolarons are equivalent to diionic spinfree states of a system (S = 0)... 

Instabilities of doped conductive polymers are largely an environmental problem Some polymers when p-doped to the limit have oxidation potentials high enough to attack the most inert solvents. Most will attack water even at much lower doping levels. 

FIGURE 26.6 (a) p-doped conductive polymer in battery cell configuration (b) -doped... 

See PERCHLORATE-DOPED CONDUCTING POLYMERS See related DIENES... 

CNT-doped conducting polymers possess improved mechanical, chemical, and optical properties. They also provide a simple strategy for making aligned CNTs. The disappearance of the characteristic peaks of carbon nanotubes in the FTIR spectrum of polymer/CNT composite films is normally an indication of perfect enwrapping of CNTs with the deposited conducting polymer [162, 163], Zhang et al. [40] have studied the... 

R Menon, CO Yoon, D Moses, and AJ Heeger, Metal-insulator transition in doped conducting polymers, in Handbook of Conducting Polymers, T.A. Skotheim, R.L. Elsenbaumer, and J.R. Reynolds, Eds., Marcel Dekker, New York, 1998, pp. 27-84. 

ORGANOSILYL PERCHLORATES PERCHLORATE-DOPED CONDUCTING POLYMERS PERCHLORATE SALTS OF NITROGENOUS BASES and the individually indexed entries ... 

Prigodin VN, Hsu EC, Park JH, Waldmann O, Epstein AJ (2008) Electron-ion interaction in doped conducting polymers. Phys Rev B 78 035203... 

The use of AsF3/AsF5 mixtures as solvents for heavily doped conducting polymers... 

Elsenbaumer et aL 598> recently made a comparative study of stability of doped conducting polymers in air. They concluded that a combination of a stable polymer with a non-reactive dopant, such as butylthiophene-methylthiophene copolymer doped with FeClg, could give almost indefinite stability in air with an effective ceiling of 50 °C. 

Polaron — Polarons are charged quasiparticles with spin lf. This term has been introduced by physicists as one of the possible solutions to the equations of the relevant defect model of solids in order to describe an electron in a dielectric polarizing its environment (electron-phonon coupling), electrically situated below the conduction band, and transported together with its polarized environment. Polarons and -> bipolarons are the charge carriers in oxidized or reduced (doped) -> conducting polymers. A polaron is defined as a neutral and a charged -> soliton in the same... 

Knowledge of the true dimensionality of the electronic system in such solids is an important prerequisite to an understanding of their electrical properties, which is, however, not always evident. In the actual case of heavily doped conducting polymers, for instance, the dimensionality of the electronic system is still a question of debate, despite obvious chainlike structure, and most recent work is devoted to this important question [12]. 

M. S. Freund and B. A. D. Deore, Ed. Self-Doped Conducting Polymers , John Wiley Sons, New Jersey, 2007. 

Transparent conducting polymers are of interest [66]. A number of these doped conducting polymers have been prepared as thin conductive films. It was shown that the optical window for doped polyaniline and other polymers can be tuned through control of processing conditions [67]. 

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