Donkey milk

Godovac-Zimmermann, J., Conti, A., Sheil, M., and Napolitano, L. 1990. Covalent structure of the minor monomeric (3-lactoglobulin II component from donkey milk. Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 371, 871-879. 

A similar, but not identical, lysozyme has been isolated from donkey milk by Codovac-Zimmermann el al. (1988). 

The appearance of skin care formulation dates to around 3000 B.C.E. in ancient Egypt. Most concoctions were prepared from natural materials. Cleopatra is said to have bathed in donkeys milk to keep her skin smooth and supple. One naturally occurring material used by the ancients was red ochre, or iron oxide. Lumps of red ore were formed when iron oxidized or rusted. The red iron oxide was found in burial tombs in ceremonial lip tints and rouge preparations. It was also used to draw the ancient cave pictures of animals, as seen in Altimira, and is still used in many makeup formula-... 

Dugo P, Kumm T, Lo Presti M, Chiofalo B, Salimei E, Fazio A, et al. Determination of triacylglycerols in donkey milk by using high performance liquid chromatography coupled with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2005 28 1023-30. 

Cross-reactivity of milk proteins from different species is the main cause of similar immunoreactivity. Cross-reactivity indicates the homology in amino acid sequences and similar capacity of binding specific IgE antibodies. Weak crossreactivity is usually observed between cow milk proteins and proteins from mares and donkeys. 

Monti, G., Bertino, E., Muratore, M.C., Coscia, A., Cresi, F., Silvestro, L., Fabris, C., Fortunato, D., Giuffrida, M.G., and Conti, A. 2007. Efficacy of donkey s milk in treating highly problematic cow s milk allergic children An in vivo and in vitro study. Pediatr Allergy Immunol 18(3) 258-264. 

Vincenzetti, S., Polidori, P., Mariani, P., Cammertoni, N., Fantuz, F., and Vita, A. 2008. Donkey s milk protein fractions characterization. Food Chem 106(2) 640-649. 

DDBJ—see EMBL DLS—dynamic light scattering DM—donkey s milk DNA—deoxyribonucleic acid DNCB—2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene DSC—differential scanning calorimetry DTH—delayed cellular hypersensitivity DXMS—deuterium exchange mass spectrometry EAACI—European Academy of Allergology and Clinical Immunology EAR—early anaphylactic phase ECFA—eosinophil chemotactic factors of anaphylaxis ECP—eosinophil cationic protein EDN—eosinophil-derived neurotoxin eHF—extensively hydrolyzed formula ELISA—enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay... 

The sequence (2) (Fig. 10) of 130 residues is that of McKenzie and Shaw (1982, 1985). Note (4) Recently, the sequence of donkey (Equus asinus) milk lysozyme was determined by Godovac-Zimmermann et al. (1988). They found the following differences ... 

The domestic donkey Equus asinus) is derived from the wild ass of Africa. This animal is mostly used for riding and as a beast of burden, but it is also eaten and used as a source of milk. The mule is a hybrid cross between a male donkey and a female horse, and is highly prized as a draft and riding animal. However, mules are infertile, and the only way to produce them is to keep crossing horses and donkeys. 

One of the applications of this method is in food authentication. Lopez-Calleja et al. (2007) used the real-time PCR method to quantitatively detect goat milk present in sheep milk based on the amplification of the 12S ribosomal RNA gene, in order to prevent this type of food adulteration [62]. Similarly, Chisholm et al. (2005) used the method to detect horse and donkey meat in commercial products [63]. They used primers designed for the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. This method, which enabled the detection of 1 pg donkey and 25 pg horse DNA templates, worked satisfactorily with model food samples. 

Animals provide needed power. In the developing nations, cattle, water buffalo, donkeys, and horses still provide much of the agricultural power. Such draft animals are a part of the agricultural scene of Asia, Africa, the Near East, Latin America, and parts of Europe areeis characterized by small farms, low incomes, abundance of manpower, and lack of capital. They can E)e fueled on roughages to produce power, a most important consideration in times of energy shortage and E th cattle and water buffalo may be used for work, milk, and meat... 

Cubic, J., et al., 2015. Characterization of several milk proteins in Domestic Balkan donkey breed during lactation, using lab-on-a-chip capillary electrophoresis. Chem. Ind. Chem. Eng. Q., 13. Available at http //www.doiserbia.nb.rs/Article.aspx ID=1451-93721500013G. 

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