Dimethyl sulfate Iodine

This test is a visual compahson of the color of dimethyl sulfate with that of a 0.0001 N iodine solution. Commercial dimethyl sulfate should be lighter in color. 

The action of methyl iodide on chloro-substituted heterocychcs usually results, in addition to quatemization, in the replacement of the chlorine by iodine if the halogen is in a position alpha or gamma to the quaternary center, particularly so in the former case. This type of replacement is less likely if dimethyl sulfate is used but may still occur to give a sulfate betaine (see Section IV, C). An easy method to obtain a-halogeno-quatemary salts has recently been discovered by Balli and Kersting who reacted the readily accessible triethyloxonium borofluoride 12 with a variety of bases. The very... 

It is also interesting to note that quatemization of a chloropyrimi-dine at the nitrogen atom adjacent to the chloro group with methyl iodide results in the easy replacement of the chlorine by iodine, whereas similar salt formation on the remote nitrogen either leaves the chlorine unaffected or replacement occurs only at higher temperatures. A similar reaction occurs between 2-amino-6-chloro-4-methylpyrimidine and dimethyl sulfate in nitrobenzene to give the salt 45 and betaine 46. ... 

Although aliphatic ethers and especially symmetrical ethers can be prepared under acidic conditions when activated alcohols are introduced or symmetric products formed, " it is more common to substitute chlorine. bromine, """ iodine, or sulfonates under basic conditions. Dimethyl sulfate is regularly used to form methyl ethers.Typical... 

The reagent is prepared (a) by leaching iodine with CH3OH-CH3I condensate into a chamber containing a mixture ofred and yellow phosphorus, yield 93-95% and (b) by addition of dimethyl sulfate to a stirred suspension of calcium carbonate in an aqueous solution of potassium iodide methyl iodide distills as formed and is obtained in yield of 90-94%. ... 

The first report about the effect of ultrasound to chemical reactions is frcrni 1927 by Richards and Loomis, involving rate studies on the hydrolysis of dimethyl sulfate and the iodine clock reaction (the reduction of potassium iodate by sulfurous acid) (Richards and Loomis 1927). With some exceptions (Porter and Young 1938 Renaud 1950), the field was relatively overlooked for nearly 60 years. However, in the 1980s, sonochemistry was reborn and began to be widely used in many different areas. The reason for this growth was the availability of inexpensive and tpropriate laboratory equipment, such as ultrasonic cleaning baths (low intensity) and ultrasonic probes (high intensity). 

Metal cyanides react with organic halides (most commonly with iodine or bromine compounds), olefins, dimethyl sulfate, alkylsulfates (ROSO3M), diazonium salts, oxonium salts, and compounds of phosphorus(III) or arsenic(III) such as ER2CI (E = P or As, R = Et, OEt, Ph) to give isocyanide complexes ... 

Elemental lead, produced by the reaction of PbNa and C2H5CI, is methylated with dimethyl sulfate in the presence of Pbl2 as catalyst, or with CH3I in the presence of iodine as catalyst with a yield of 65 to 70% Pb(CH3)4 [67]. For methylation of elemental lead, obtained from the industrial reaction of lead-sodium alloy and alkyl halide, see Subsection From Alloys and Methyl Halides , p. 58. 

Potassium permanganate. Dimethyl sulfide-Chlorine. Dimethyl sulfoxide. Dimethyl sulfoxide-Chlorine. Dimethylsulf-oxide Sulfur trioxide. Dipyridine chro-mium(VI) oxide. Iodine. Iodine-Potassium iodide. Iodine tris(trifluoroacetate). Iodosobenzene diacetate. Isoamyl nitrite. Lead tetraacetate. Manganese dioxide. Mercuric acetate. Mercuric oxide. Osmium tetroxide—Potassium chlorate. Ozone. Periodic acid. Pertrifluoroacetic acid. Potassium ferrate. Potassium ferricyanide. Potassium nitrosodisulfonate. Ruthenium tetroxide. Selenium dioxide. Silver carbonate. Silver carbonate-Celite. Silver nitrate. Silver oxide. Silver(II) oxide. Sodium hypochlorite. Sulfur trioxide. Thalli-um(III) nitrate. Thallium sulfate. Thalli-um(III) trifluoroacetate. Triphenyl phosphite ozonide. Triphenylphosphine dibromide. Trityl fluoroborate. 

Nickel is determined by the gravimetric dimethyl-glyoxime procedure after reduction of the compound with sulfur dioxide and hydrochloric acid. Iodine is determined as silver iodide after reduction with sulfur dioxide in sulfuric acid medium. Total active oxygen is calculated by measuring the quantity of iodine liberated from potassium iodide in acidic solution. Alkali metals are determined as sulfates in the filtrates from the nickel determinations. 

Dimethyl myristamine Dimethyl palmitamine Ethyl formate 2-Ethylhexanol Eugenol Ferric chloride Ferric chloride hexahydrate Ferric sulfate Formaldehyde Formic acid Glutaral Glyoxal, Hydriodic acid 8-Hydroxyquinoline Hypochlorous acid Iodine Isobutyric acid d-Limonene ... 

The monoenes (1 mg) are dissolved In dimethyl disulfide (0.2 mL) and a solution (0.05 mL) of iodine in diethyl ether (60 mg/mL) Is added. The mixture is stirred for 24 hours, then hexane (5 mL) is added, and the mixture is washed with dilute sodium thiosulfate solution, dried over sodium sulfate and evaporated to dryness. The product is taken up in fresh hexane for injection directly onto the GC column."... 

The second promising new type of polymer was made from 2,2 -diphenylethynyl-4,4 -diphenic acid units which cure on heating to give phenylbenzanthracene units in the polymer chain. The new polymer also belongs to the polyaromatic ether-keto-sulfone series. This polymer was prepared from dimethyl 4,4 -diphenate by direct iodination in sulfuric acid with a silver sulfate catalyst to give the 2,2 -diiodo derivative in 80-85% yield. When hydrolized to the acid it could be converted to the acid chloride on treatihent with oxalyl chloride in pyridine solution. 

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