Diethylene glycol, and the

The blend is partially crosslinked with a vinyl monomer when dissolved in an organic aprotic solvent and has a pH of 5.0 or lower. The first block copolymer is prepared by polycondensing a bis-hydroxyalkyl ether, such as dipropylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and the like, with propylene oxide. Next, the resulting propoxylated diol is reacted with ethylene oxide to produce the block copolymer. The second copolymer is prepared by polycondensing 2-amino-2-hydroxymethyl-1,3-propanediol, commonly known as TRIS, with... 

The bromine linked to a double bond or linked to an aromatic nucleus are much more stable structures (not easily decomposed to HBr as dibromo neopentylglycol, a saturated aliphatic bromine compound). Thus, a very successful bromine containing diol, produced industrially [4, 24], is based on tetrabromophthalic anhydride. Tetrabromophthalic anhydride is reacted first with diethylene glycol and the resulting half ester is reacted with propylene oxide (PO) (reaction 18.5) [3]. 

In the case of the second chemical factory, Hiils, Ambros even suggested that it should be started as a factory for organic chemicals and only converted to synthetic rubber at a later date. This was unacceptable to the state authorities. However, Hills also produced ethylene oxide which was converted into ethylene glycol (in part for anti-freeze), diethylene glycol, and the co-products chlorine and sodium hydroxide. Ambros... 

To a resin flask equipped with a mechanical stirrer and a nitrogen inlet is added 26.5 gm (0.25 mole) of diethylene glycol, and the flask is cooled to 20" C while 41 gm (0.25 mole) of the divinyl ether of diethylene glycol is added. Then 2.0 gm (0.012 mole) of trichloroacetic acid is added over a... 

Diethylene glycol method. Place 0-5 g. of potassium hydroxide pellets, 3 ml. of diethylene glycol and 0 5 ml. of water in a 10 or 25 ml. distilling flask heat the mixture gently until the alkali has dissolved and cool. Add 1-2 g. of the ester and mix well. Fit the flask with a thermometer and a small water-cooled condenser in the usual way. Heat the flask over a small flame whilst shaking gently to mix the contents. When only one liquid phase, or one hquid phase and one solid phase, remains in the flask, heat the mixture more strongly so that the alcohol distils. Identify the alcohol in the distillate by the preparation of the 3 5 dinitrobenzoate (Section 111,27,2). 

This hquid contains 27% chlorine and 12% phosphoms. It is made from ethylene oxide, diethylene glycol, and phosphoms oxychloride (80). It is available ia the United States and Japan from Daihachi. 

Long-chain aUphatic acids such as adipic acid (qv) [124-04-9] are generally used to improve flexibiUty and enhance impact properties, demonstrating subtle improvements over resins modified with the ether glycols (diethylene glycol) and polyether glycols (polypropylene glycol) (see PoLYETHERs). 

The polymer was insoluble in 1,3-butanediol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and glycerol at all temperatures. 

Reaction of aHyl chloroformate and diethylene glycol in the presence of alkaU with cooling is another method of preparing the diallyl carbonate ester DADC. The properties of diallyl carbonate monomers are given in Table 1. 

The HiSd 233 stocks contain 2.3, 3.5, and 4.8 parts of diethylene glycol, respectively. The 30 vol stock contains 1.2 parts MBTS and 0.15 parts TMTD instead of the combination in the recipe the 20 and 40 vol stocks contain 1.5 parts MBTS and 0.1 parts TMTD. 

Carbon dioxide is ordinarily dehydrated duriag the Hquefactioa cycle to preveat free2e-ups ia the coadeaser and flow valves ia the Hquid lines. Ia some cases brittie or cmmbly blocks of dry ice have beea formed. This difficulty has beea overcome either by varyiag the residual moisture coateat of the Hquid carboa dioxide, or by injecting minute quantities of colorless mineral oil or diethylene glycol iato the Hquid carboa dioxide entering the press. If the dry ice is to be used for edible purposes, the additive must meet FDA specificatioas. 

Products such as diethylene glycol and triethylene glycol, obtained by side reactions in the preparation of ethylene glycol, are sometimes used but they... 

The Carbitol (monoethyl ether of diethylene glycol) was the Carbide and Carbon Chemicals Company product, which was distilled before use, b.p. 192-196°. It is a suitable solvent to render the reactants mutually soluble. Aqueous alkali with an ether solution of the nitrosamide does not yield diazomethane. 

In the following example, ethylene glycol product was manufactured to a specification that limited the diethylene glycol and higher glycol content formation of these materials caused a loss in yield. Reactions... 

When K.yba, Cram and coworkers attempted the synthesis of dibinaphthyl-22-crown-6 from binaphthol and diethylene glycol ditosylate. the reagent ratio was as described either by V or X (Eqs. 3.1 or 3.3). The intent was to make the 22-membered ring. Some of the 11-membered ring was isolated as well (Eq. 3.5). None was apparently observed for the benzo case because the nine-membered ring is less favorable. In short, it is not the intent of the synthesis but the reaction dynamics which determine the product. 

Pyrimidines have also served as electrophiles in crown synthesis from this group. 4,6-Dichloropyrimidine reacts with diethylene glycol and sodium hydride in anhydrous xylene solution to form the 20-crown-6 derivative as well as the other products shown in Eq. (3.48). Note that a closely related displacement on sy/rr-trichlorotriazine has been reported by Montanari in the formation of polypode molecules (see Eq. 7.5). 

Coxon and Stoddart have directed their attention to the formation of penta-erythritol-derived cryptands. With these molecules, the strategy was to block one pair of hydroxyl groups as an acetal and form a crown from the remaining diol. In the first of the two reports cited above, this was accomplished by treating the 0-benzylidine derivative of pentaerythritol with base and diethylene glycol ditosylate. The crown was then treated with a mixture of UAIH4 and BF3 which gives partial reduction of the acetal as shown in (8.9), above. The monoprotected diol could now be treated in a fashion similar to that previously described and the benzyloxy cryptand (77) would result. The scheme is illustrated below as Eq. (8.10). 

The principal solvolysis reactions for PET are methanolysis with dimethyl terephthalate and ethylene glycol as products, glycolysis with a mixture of polyols and BHET as products, and hydrolysis to form terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol. The preferred route is methanolysis because the DMT is easily purified by distillation for subsequent repolymerization. However, because PET bottles are copolyesters, the products of the methanolysis of postconsumer PET are often a mixture of glycols, alcohols, and phthalate derivatives. The separation and purification of the various products make methanolysis a cosdy process. In addition to the major product DMT, methanol, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, and 1,4-cyclohexane dimethanol have to be recovered to make the process economical.1... 

The Ford hydroglycolysis process is an example of a combined approach for die depolymerization of PURs. In a reactor, polyurethane foam is reacted with a mixture of water, diethylene glycol, and alkali metal hydroxides at high temperature to form polyols. When sodium hydroxide is added as a catalyst, a cleaner polyol is formed because all of the carbamates and ureas in the product are converted into amines and alcohols by hydrolysis.33... 

After 8 h of reaction, the reactor was allowed to cool. A two-layer liquid formed. The top layer was found to contain mostly polypropylene ether triols with about 20% by weight diethylene glycol and 5% by weight toluene diamines. The top layer was purified by vacuum distillation at 2 mm Hg and 200° C to produce 320 g of a light brown liquid residue. This residue (polyols) was used as a replacement for 5% by weight of the Pluracol 535 polyol in the formulation of a flexible polyurethane foam. A flexible foam which had good resiliency and a density of 2.2 Ib/ft3 was obtained. At higher replacement levels, lesser quality foams were obtained. 

In the polyesterification process p is directly calculated from the carboxyl group titer. Results for the polyesterification reaction between diethylene glycol and adipic acid at 166° and 202°C are plotted in Fig. 3 in accordance with the third-order equation (8). For comparison purposes, the course of the non-polymer-forming reaction of diethylene glycol with the monobasic acid, caproic, is also shown. Eq. (8) is not obeyed from zero to 80 percent esterification [l/(l—p) =l to 25], as is shown by the curvature over this region. From 80 to 93 percent esterification the reaction appears to be third order. The non-polymerforming esterification of diethylene glycol with caproic acid (and other... 

Recovery of acetamiprid, IM-1-2 and IM-1-4. Combine 20 g of the air-dried soil with 100 mL of a mixed solvent of methanol and 0.1 M ammonium chloride (4 1, v/v) in a 250-mL stainless-steel centrifuge tube, shake the mixture with a mechanical shaker for 30 min and centrifuge at 8000 r.p.m. for 2 min. Filter the supernatant through a Celite layer (1-cm thick) under reduced pressure into a 500-mL flask. Add a second 100 mL of mixed solvent to the residue and then extract and filter in the same manner. Combine the filtrates and add 150mL of distilled water with 1 g of sodium chloride. Transfer the aqueous methanol solution into a 1-L separatory funnel and shake the solution with 200 mL of dichloromethane for 5 min. Collect the dichloromethane in a flask and adjust the pH of aqueous methanol to 13 with sodium hydroxide. Extract the solution with two portions of 200 mL of dichloromethane for 5 min. Combine the dichloromethane extracts and pass through a filter paper with anhydrous sodium sulfate. Add 0.5 mL of diethylene glycol and then concentrate the dichloromethane extract to about 0.5 mL on a water-bath at ca 40 °C by rotary evaporation. 

Cleanup procedures for acetamiprid, IM-1-2 and IM-1-4. Dilute the concentrate with 10 mL of distilled water and apply the solution to an Extrelut 20 column, equilibrate for 20 min at ambient temperature and pass 100 mL of dichloromethane through the column. Collect the eluate and add 0.5 mL of diethylene glycol and then concentrate the dichloromethane to about 0.5 mL by rotary evaporation. Prepare the HPLC-ready sample solution by dissolving the residue in 50% aqueous acetonitrile. 

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