Diesel truck

Vehicle exhausts from loading bays or diesel trucks... 

EPA diesel exhaust emissions limits for 1998 on-highway diesel truck and bus engines in g/bhp-hr (grams/brake horscpowcr/hotir) when using existing... 

The Ba of the motor-vehicle component appears to come mainly from diesel trucks. In part because of Its use as a smoke suppressant (14). Thus, the Ba associated with the component may be quite variable with time and traffic mix. If Br were Included, Its relative concentration In the component should probably be reduced by about 10% to account for losses of this volatile element between the time of release and Its collection at a receptor site. These elements could probably be used as markers If the fitting procedure had provision for weighting based on uncertainties of relative concentrations of elements In the components (21). For the present tests, we have not Included this feature, but have Included weighting factors of 1/a for each element In the samples, where a Includes uncertainties of the analytical measurements and filter blank values. If the additional weighting were Included, the Importance of Ba and Br In determining the strength of the motor-vehicle component would be reduced relative to that of Pb because of their greater uncertainties. 

More complex substances, however, showed higher degrees of pyrolytic conversion. In aerosol samples collected from the combustion of distillate and residiaal oil, 31 and 25% respectively of the organic carbon underwent pyrolytic conversion to elemental carbon. Lesser amounts of conversion were observed for leaded and unleaded auto exhaust samples, and no conversion occurred in a diesel truck exhaust sample. Biological samples also showed large degrees of conversion e.g., 45% of the carbon associated with wood fiber was pyrolytically converted to elemental carbon. 

Hildemann, L. M., G. R. Markowski, M. C. Jones, and G. R. Cass, Subniicronieter Aerosol Mass Distributions of Emissions from Boilers, Fireplaces, Automobiles, Diesel Trucks, and Meat-Cooking Operations, Aerosol Sci. Technol., 14, 138-152 (1991a). 

Rogge, W. F., L. M. Hildemann, M. A. Mazurek, G. R. Cass, and B. R. T. Simoneit, Sources of Fine Organic Aerosol. 2. Noncatalyst and Catalyst-Equipped Automobiles and Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks, Environ. Sci. Technol., 27, 636-651 (1993a). 

Dreher, D. B., and R. A. Harley, A Fuel-Based Inventory for Heavy-Duty Diesel Truck Emissions, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc., 48, 352-358 (1998). 

Schauer JJ, Kleeman M, Cass GR, Simoneit BT (1999) Measurement of emissions from air pollution sources. 2. Ci through C30 organic compounds from medium duty diesel trucks. Environ Sci Technol 33 1578-1587... 

Just as a reference, a vacuum cleaner at 1 m distance produces about 70dB(A) and a diesel truck at 10 m distance produces about 90dB(A). The threshold for severe discomfort is about 120dB(A). Pain starts at 130dB(A). 

Anon, Diesel Truck Engine Manufacturers are being Investigated , Today s Chemist at Work, Vol. 7, March (1998) 8. 

A schematic of a monolith catalyst is shown in Fig. 19-18a. In cases where pressure drop is limiting, such as for CO oxidation in cogeneration power plant exhausts, monolith catalyst panels may be stacked to form a thin (3- to 4-in-thick) wall. The other dimensions of the wall can be on the order of 35 x 40 ft. CO conversion is over 90 percent with a pressure drop across the catalyst of 1.5 in of water. Alternatively, the monolith may be used as a catalyst and filter, as is the case for a diesel particulate filter. In this case, monolith channels are blocked and the exhaust gases from a diesel truck are forced through the walls (Fig. 19-18b). The filter is a critical component in a continuous regenerable trap. NO in the exhaust... 

Chandler, J. E., and Zechman, J. A. 2000. Low Temperature Operability Limits of Late Model Heavy Duty Diesel Trucks and the Effect Operability Additives and Changes to the Fuel Delivery System Have on Low Temperature Performance. In SAE Spec. Publ. SP-1563, Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Performance and Additives 2000. Warrendale PA Society of Automotive Engineers (Paper No. 2001-01-2883). 

Example 6.1 Carbon particles in the exhaust of a diesel truck traveling at 55 mi/h are discharged into the atmosphere. Assuming that as these particles leave the exhaust they have the same velocity as the truck, how far will they travel in air before their motion is essentially that of the air in which they were discharged ... 

Surely, if Eran Sher and the Israelis really believe it happened in National Socialist Germany, then it might happen again. Surely, we should be concerned that Arab leaders may use their tens of thousands of Diesel trucks to perpetrate another Holocaust. Surely, the United Nations arms inspectors who are searching for weapons of mass destruction in the Middle East will miss the boat if they fail to investigate Arab Diesels. 

Rogge, W.F., Hildemann, L.M., et al (1993a) Sources of fine organic aerosol. 2. Noncatalyst and catalyst-equipped automobiles and heavy-duty diesel trucks. Environmental Science and Technology, 27(4) 636-651. 

Table 6.3. Life-cycle impacts from production by fermentation of agricultural waste, as yet poorly quantified. Transportation impacts include greenhouse gas warming, air pollution and traffic accidents, assuming current vehicles such as diesel trucks. See caption to Table 6.1 (with use of Sorensen, 2004c).

The U.S. Department of Energy, through the EPACT program, has designated B-20, a 20 percent mixture of biodiesel in conventional diesel fuel, as an alternative fuel, and many fleets are successfully operating diesel powered Dodge Ram diesel trucks on such fuels. 

Two-piece piston designs have been used in many heavy-duty diesel truck engines in North America. However, the API oil testing sequences only added a two-piece piston deposit test for API CH-4 in 1998. More recently some OEMs in North America have started using single-piece steel pistons. The piston deposit tests used within the API diesel oil specifications are listed in Table 9.8. 

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