2,2-Dichloropropionic acid ‘dalapon

Two aliphatic acids possess, for grasses, many of the growth-distortion and toxicity effects associated with the synthetic auxins on dicotyledonous plants. Trichloroacetic acid and 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon), as the sodium salts, have been called grass "hormones or auxins, although Wilkinson184 could find no growth stimulation at low concentrations, and described dalapon as an antiauxin from its interference with indole-3-acetic acid effects. The herbicidal properties of trichloroacetate do not depend on its protein-denaturing ability, and those of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid involve, at least indirectly, the synthesis of pantothenic acid. 

The dissipation of water-soluble herbicides such as the salts of 2,4-D, 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon), and trichloroacetic acid (TC- ) was caused largely by dilution resulting from the longitudinal dispersion of the herbicides in flowing water (26). Residues of these herbicides which enter the water during ditchbank treatment are low initially and are reduced to lower concentrations as they are carried downstream. Insignificant residue levels would remain after a water flow of 20-25 miles. 

Amylopectins. — The effects of acrylamide graft copolymerization on the solution properties of amylopectin have been discussed. Amylopectin has been dyed with DyAmyl-L and used in this form as a substrate for the assay of a-amylase. Amylopectin has been treated with isocyanate derivatives of 4-amino-( 1,1-dimethyl ethyl)-3-(methylthio)-l,2,4-triazin-5(4/f)-one ( metribuzin ) or acid chloride derivatives of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid ( 2,4-D ) and 2,2-dichloropropionic acid ( dalapon ), to produce controlled-release polymeric pesticide systems. The solvent system utilized for these reactions, a lithium chloride or bromide salt in AW-dimethylacetamide, allows dissolution of the reactant salt and facilitates analysis of the polymer product by such techniques as i.r., U.V., and n.m.r. spectroscopies and gel permeation chromatography. Derivatives of other naturally occurring polysaccharides, including amylopectin, cellulose, chitin, and dextran, were also prepared. 

Some other substances, whose action is quite the contrary ofMCPA (methyl-chlorophenoxyacetic acid), can eliminate monocotyledonous weeds from a dicotyledon crop. For this purpose 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon, Dowpon ) is much used. Its mode of action is discussed in Section 9.4.1. The carbamates, which are mitotic poisons, introduced by Templeman and Sexton (1945), are also available for this purpose. The most selective example is barban (6.72) (4-chlorobut-2-ynyl AT,3 -chlorophenylcarbamate), which suppresses the... 

Abbott et al. [1] have separated six herbicides, e. g., 2,4-, 2,4,5-T and 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA), 2,2-dichloropropionic acid (dalapon) in the S-chamber on mixed layers of sihca gel G-kiesel-guhr G (2 + 3) liquid paraffin-benzene-acetic acid-cyclohexane (4 + H + 8 + 77) was the solvent. It has been possible also to detect herbicide residues in extracts of soil and water, using TLC. 

Dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid), regulator Plants Ethyl ether extraction GC with ECD < 10 ppm [168]... 

Getzendaner s method [199] for determining Dalapon (2,2 dichloropropionic acids is applicable to plant tissues and body fluid and doubtlessly to water samples. The sample was extracted with ethyl ether and the residue was analysed by gas chromatography on a glass column (1.2mx 2mm) of 4% LAC-2R plus 0.5% of phosphoric acid on Gas Chrom S (60-80 mesh) at 100°C with nitrogen as carrier gas (85mL min-1) and electron capture detection. Recoveries of about 90% were obtained for lOppm of the herbicide. 

Table V shows that Formulation C had a much lower viscosity than the other two and contained 20% w/v dalapon (the sodium salt of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid) in the aqueous phase. In the absence of dalapon, the viscosity of the emulsion was increased threefold, being similar to the viscosity of Formulations A and B. This effect is presumably caused by interaction between the salt and the emulsifier present. The presence of toxicant does not always reduce viscosity in fact, the presence of 20% w/v endrin in the oil phase of Formulation A will increase its viscosity slightly.

SYNS BASFAPON B DALAPON DALAPON SODIUM DALAPON SODIUM SALT 2,2-DICHLOROPROPIONIC ACID, SODIUM SALT DOWPON 2,2-DPA GRAMEVIN NATRIUMSALZ DER 2,2-DICHLORPROPIONSAEURE RADAPON SODIUM DALAPON SODIUM-a,a-DICHLOROPROP-lONATE SODIUM-2,2-DICHLOROPROPIONATE UNIPON... 

Preferred Name Dalapon sodium salt Synonyms Basfapon Basfapon B Basfapon/ Basfapon N BH Dalapon Basinex Crisapon Dalapon 85 Ded-Weed Devipon 2,2-Dicloro-propionic acid a-Dichloropropionic acid a,a-Dichloropropionic acid Dowpon Dowpon M Gramevin Kenapon Kyselina Liropon Proprop Radapon Revenge Unipon Chemical/Pharmaceutical/Other Class Chlorinated aliphatic herbicide Chemical Structure ... 

The herbicidal activity of 2,2-dichloropropionic acid was described by Barrons (1963). Its approved common name is dalapon (3). 

Dalapon is produced by the chlorination of propionic acid. Chlorination is carried out at high temperature in the presence of a catalyst, phosphorus trichloride or light, for example, to suppress the formation of 2,3-dichloropropionic acid. The technical acid is contamined by small quantities of 2-chloropropionic acid and... 

DALAPON or DALAPON 85 or DALASCAM (75-99-0) see 2,2-dichloropropionic acid DANTHION (56-38-2) see parathion. DAPON 35 or DAPON R(131-17-9) see diallyl phthalate. 

Antigramigna Basfapon Caswell No. 273A Dalapon sodium Dalapon sodium salt a-a-DIchloropropionic acid sodium salt 2,2-Dichloropropionic acid, sodium salt 2,2-Dichlorpropionsaeure natrium 2,2-Dichlor-propionsaure natrium 2,2-DPA Na salt Dikopan Dowpon Dowpon S EINECS 204-8265 EPA Pesticide Chemicai Code 028902 Gramevin Hico DCPAS Natriumsalz der... 

Synonyms/Trade Names Dalapon 2,2-Dichloropropanoic acid a,a-Dichloropropionic acid... 

Dalapon (2,2-dichloropropionic acid Suneson and Jones, 1960), a herbicide, causes deviating phenotypes in later generations. 

Synonyms Dalapon sodium salt 2,2-Dichloropropionic acid, sodium salt a,a-Dichloropropionic acid sodium salt 2,2-DPA Sodium dalapon... 

Sodium 2,2-dichloropropionate Sodium-a,a-dichloropropionate Sodium 2,2-dichloropropionic acid. See Dalapon-sodium Sodium-1,3-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-dione-6-oxide 1-Sodium-3,5-dichloro-1,3,5-triazine-... 

Sodium 2,2-dichloropropionate (dalapon, Dowpon ) is much used for killing grass in dicotyledonous crops such as beet and lucerne. Competitive studies in bacteria E. coli) point to its being an antagonist for the incorporation ofpantoic acid [i.e. the left-hand side of 9.38)] into pantothenic acid. This is the main site of its action on grasses its effect is diminished by external pantothenic acid Hilton et al., 1959). 

---