Diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride

Gold nanoparticles can also be stabilized using polymers that do not have specific functional groups through physisorption. Among the possible stabilizers, the polymers used most often to stabilize Au NPs are the water soluble polymers poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), polyethylene glycol) (PEG), poly(vinyl pyridine), poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME), and polyelectrolytes such as PAA, chitosan, polyethyleneimine (PEI) or poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) [99]. 

Recent investigations of a polyelectrolyte complex of 31 and poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium) chloride 29 have shown that although photoisomerization is unrestricted in the LBK films, some mechanical stress is built up in the films upon traits to cis isomerization. This was established by AFM, which shows reversible morphological changes. On irradiation, a number of protrusions with a height of ca. 5 nm appeared on the surface. These structures... 

FIG. 7 Ionic strength (7) dependence of the protein global charge at the onset of complexation (Zpr)c in bovine serum albumin and polyelectrolyte mixtures (type 1 titrations). PMAPTAC poly(acrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium) chloride PAMPS poly(acrylamido methylpropylsulfonate) PAMPS(8) copolymer of AMPS and 20 mol% acrylamide PDADMAC poly(diallyl dimethylammonium) chloride. (Reprinted with permission from Ref. 22. Copyright 1998 American Chemical Society.)... 

Synthesis and graft copolymerization of poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) with acrylamide [127],... 

S. Knop, H. Thielking, and W. -M. Kulicke, Simplex membranes of sulphoethyl-cellulose and poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) for the pervaporation of water-alcohol mixtures, J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 77 (2000) 3169-3177. 

Special attention deserves Nafion layered membrane prepared by the LBL self assembly of polyelectrolytes [25, 167-171]. A high selectivity membrane was prepared by Tang et al. [25] by self-assembling multi-layer Pd nanoparticles onto Nafion, using poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDAC) for charging the Pd particles. A Nafion 112 membrane was immersed in a Pd/PDDA dispersion and then in a Nafion dispersion. The process was repeated five times to obtain a multilayer self-assembly Nafion composite that shows a small decrease in conductivity (from 112 mS.cm for Nafion 112 to 81 mS.cm for the composite). However, the reported methanol permeability was reduced by a factor 0.0085 (out of scale in Fig. 6.22), leading to k 85. This composite membrane, whose strucmre is depicted in Fig. 6.24, was not tested in a DMFC. 

McCormick et al. (2003) studied the structure and dynamics of adsorbed water and polymer components in PEM films and the bulk PEC using H MAS NMR spectroscopy. The films (1-5 bilayers) with poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and poly(sodium-4-styrenesulfonate) (PSS) were adsorbed onto colloidal silica particles. Relaxation and line width measurements showed that the adsorbed water is less mobile in the films than in the analogous PEC. This result can be explained by compacting of the adsorption layer at a surface and enhancement of confined space effects for bound water. Relaxation measurements and H double-quantum (DQ) NMR experiments revealed that polymer dynamics in the PEMs was strongly influenced by the layer number and water content (Eigures 5.18 and 5.19). 2D spin... 

Schmidt B, Wandrey C, Freitag R. Investigation of particle-based and monolithic columns for cation exchange protein displacement chromatography using poly (diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) as displacer, J Chromatogr A 2003 1018 155-67. 

Rouse et al. [18] developed a technique to visualize individual montmoril-lonite particles. Pyrolytic graphite is attached to the surface of a silicon wafer. An aqueous solution of poly(diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) is utilized to treat the surface of the graphite with a cationic polyelectrolyte. An aqueous dispersion of montmorillonite that has been centrifuged to remove aggregates of montmorillonite particles is poured onto the graphite surface that contains the polyelectrolyte. The montmorillonite particles are stuck to the graphite surface which allows for particle size determination by SEM. 

Iturri Ramos, J.J., Stahl, S., Richter, R.P., Moya, S . Water content and buildup of poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride)/poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) and poly(allylamine hydrochloride)/poly(sodium 4-styrenesulfonate) polyelectrolyte multilayers studied by an in situ combination of a quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation monitoring and spectroscopic ellipsometry. Macromolecules 43,9063-9070 (2010)... 

Water-soluble poly(diallyl-dimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA)/MWNTs aggregates have been also obtained by mild sonication [78]. In these composites, it has been suggested that the interaction between PDDA and MWNTs is not electrostatic in nature but, instead, the presence of unsaturated impurities in the PDDA chain drives tr-tt interactions. Thus, NTs coated with PDDA function as positively charged polyelectrolytes that exhibit electrostatic repulsion between NTs/PDDA, thereby guaranteeing the NTs hydrophUicity. 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)/ poly(acrylamide-co-diallyl dimethylammonium chloride) Increases alkaline resistance and stability of hydroxyl group Fuel cell [143]... 

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