Dextrans Heparin

Therefore some antiplatelet drugs can have beneficial additive effects with other antiplatelet drugs that act via different mechanisms. Furthermore, other drugs such as dextrans, heparin, some prostaglandins and sulfinpyrazone also have some antiplatelet activity. 

Polysaccharides include cellulose, alginate, hyaluronic acid, starches, dextran, heparin, chitin, and chitosan, and many of these have been used in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (Lee et al. 

Some other biodegradable natural polymers such as dextran," heparin," xanthan," pullulan," " elastin," fibrin," pectin" and hyaluronate," were also investigated as biodegradable polymers in various fields. 

The sodium salts of sulphuric acid esters of dextran are used as anticoagulants for the same purposes as heparin. 

Iron dextran injection contains a complex of iron hydroxide with dextrans of average molecular weight between 5000 and 7000, and is used for the treatment of iron-defieiency anaemia in situations where oral therapy is ineffeetive or impractical. The sodium salt of sulphurie aeid esters of dextran, i.e. dextran sodium sulphate, has anti-eoagulant properties eomparable with heparin and is formulated as an injection for intravenous use. 

Maximum labelling of heparin with F-D was achieved at 5 hours at 25 °C, pH 8.4. In the case of heparin, the efficiency of labelling was not dependent on molecular weight, but solely a function of the ratio of the concentrations of labelling reagent to monosaccharide subunit in the reaction mixture. Similar results were encountered in the labelling of dextrans of different molecular weight (9). 

Specihc poly anions such as dextran sulfate (DS) appear to exhibit strong anti-HIV activity in vitro [36,37]. Human oral administration of DS is poorly absorbed, but intravaneous administration does result in increased plasma lipolytic activity [38]. Poly anions that have been considered for intravaginal anti-HIV activity include DS, carrageenan, heparin, heparan sulfate, dermatan sulfate, pentosan polysulfate, fucoidan chondroitin sulfate, keratan sulfate, and PAVAS [21,22,39,40],... 

Hematological agents In clinical trials in patients undergoing PTCA/PCI, coadministration of bivalirudin with heparin, warfarin, thrombolytics, or GPIIb/llla inhibitors was associated with increased risks of major bleeding events compared with patients not receiving these concomitant medications. There is no experience with coadministration of bivalirudin and plasma expanders such as dextran. 

Nishi has found that chondroitin sulfate A and C are more effective in the resolution of basic drugs than dextran or dextrin and even dextran sulfate because of additional ionic interactions with sulfate or carboxylic groups. The small ionic character of chondroitin sulfate C leads to large enantiose-lectivity under acidic conditions, whereas heparin was not so effective. Using neutral polysaccharides, only hydrophobic interactions and hydrogen bonding may occur (117). 

Finally, the hetero polysaccharide hexagluconylhexasaminoglycan sulfate was identified as an anticoagulant and antithrombotic material compared to heparin by Sederel and coworkers [521], Derivatives of the polysaccharide dextran containing sulfate, sulfonate or carboxylic groups gave antithrombotic activity due to the presence of these charged groups [483, 522-525],... 

Drug interactions Concurrent administration of ReoPro with oral anticoagulants is contraindicated. Limited experience with the concurrent use of ReoPro and low molecular weight dextran during a PTCA procedure has also shown an increased risk of a major bleeding episode. Concurrent administration of ReoPro and heparin may also increase the risk of bleeding, but ReoPro is intended for use with aspirin and heparin and has only been studied in that setting. ReoPro has... 

Dextran solution 5g dextran (relative molecular mass = 250,000 Sigma, Taufkirchen, Germany), 0.7 g NaCl, 50 mg heparin (Roth, Karlsruhe, Germany), and 10 mg sodium azide (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany) are dissolved in 100 ml demineralized water. The solution is stored at -20°C. 

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