Detergent mixture

The Hterature on analytical methods is voluminous and not easily summari2ed (123—130). Often the greatest expertise ia the analysis of complex detergent mixtures resides with ia-house personnel ia iadividual companies who may regard their methods as proprietary iaformatioa. 

V. ANALYTICAL METHODS A. Separation from Detergent Mixtures... 

Petroleum spillages can be removed from water surfaces more efficiently with the following detergent mixture [1692], which contains mainly oxyethyl-ate fatty Cio to C20 alcohols and additional oxyethylated fatty Cn to Cyj acids with an oxyethylene chain length of one to two units. It is used in the form of an aqueous 20% to 25% emulsion, which is sprayed onto a contaminated surface. 

A. B. Sulejmanov, T. B. Geokchaev, and R. A. Dashdiev. Removal of petroleum spillages from water surface— using a detergent mixture containing oxyethylated fatty 10-20 C alcohols and additional oxy-ethylated fatty 11-17 C acids to improve properties. Patent SU 1803418-A, 1993. 

Fig. 2.5.10. (a) APCI-FIA-MS(+), (b) ESI-FIA-MS(+), (c) APCI-FIA-MS(-) and (d) ESI-FIA-MS(—) overview spectra all recorded from the methanolic solution of the same commercially available household detergent mixture containing different types of... 

Fig. 2.5.11. (a) APCI-LC-MS(+), (b) ESI-LC-MS(-t-), (c) ESI-LC-MS(+), (d) ESI-LC-MS(+), (e) APCI-LC-MS(—) and (f) ESI-LC-MS(—) reconstructed ion chromatograms (RIC) of methanolic solution of the household detergent mixture as in Fig. 2.5.2. Chromatographic conditions (a), (b), (e), and (f) RP-Cig, methanol/water gradient elution (c) ion-pairing RP-Cla using trifluoro acetic acid (TFA) (5 mmol), methanol/water gradient elution (d) isocratic elution performed on PLRP-column, eluent methanol/water methane...

Coke, M., Wilde, P.J., Russell, E.J., Clark, D.C. (1990). The influence of surface composition and molecular diffusion on the stability of foams formed from protein detergent mixtures. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 138, 489-504. 

Drum dried flakes find their biggest outlet in industrial detergent mixtures where the original 30 to 90% active flakes are frequently dry-mixed with alkali builders for specific cleaning applications. 

Values of the solubility of surfactants in equilibrium with crystal phase rarely have been measured. In detergent mixtures, other surfactants present in the mixture solubilize the 2-n-(p-sulfophenyl)-alkanes and the fabric softener cationics. A mixing effect which reduces the CMC can explain this. 

Incorporation of carboxymethylcellulose into detergent mixtures provides another type of unexpected improvement,64 in that the unfavorable effects of certain types of wetting agent on the skin are said to be retarded. 

The use of SDS is not always without drawbacks. One of the most important is encountered when the sample is rich in DNA. A terrible viscosity results, which can hamper the electrophoresis process. Moreover, some protein classes (e.g. glycoproteins) bind SDS poorly and are thus poorly separated in the subsequent electrophoresis. In such cases, it is advisable to use cationic detergents. They are usually less potent than SDS, so that a urea-detergent mixture must be used for optimal solubilization (MacFarlane 1989). Moreover, electrophoresis in the presence of cationic detergents must be carried out at a very acidic pH, which is not technically simple but still feasible (MacFarlane 1989). This technique has however gained recent popularity as a double zone electrophoresis method able to separate even membrane proteins (Hartinger et al. 1996), and showing more separation power than SDS electrophoresis alone. 

MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Peptide/detergent mixtures as well as purified peptides were analyzed using a Vestec LaserTec BenchTop II system (PerSeptive Biosystems). Peptides were mixed with alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid as previously described (4). 

The ability of several denaturant and detergent mixtures to solubilize (1-3 mgs/ml) DGK3M, poly Ala, polyLeu and polyPhe at room temperature were tested 100 mM dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide, 100 mM CHAPSO,... 

Several additional mitochondrial carrier systems have been reconstituted into active form in proteoliposomes, using as starting material a crude neutral detergent mixture of membrane proteins from submitochondrial particles. These include the citrate transporter [203], the dicarboxylate carrier [204], and the carnitine transporters [202]. These reconstitution activities could be used as a basis for further purification and structural studies, but such studies have not yet been reported. 

Under certain conditions (e.g. high dilution) translationally disordered mesh structures can form. Striking confirmation of such a structure is to be found in transmission EM images of rapidly-cooled lipid/detergent mixtures which form "bilayers" in excess water, often folded into vesicles. Here certain regions display perforations within the bilayers of varying dimensions (fig. 4.18). 

Magnetic liquids suspensions of powdered magnetite, Fe304, in a viscous oil/detergent mixture... 

U.S. 6013616 (2000) Fabry et al. (Henkel) Monoglyceride (ether) sulfate fatty acid condensations (isethionates, taurates, or sacrosinates) Mild detergent mixtures... 

CASHNER, F., SCHUYLER, M FLETCHER, R RITZ, H. SALVAGGIO, J. (1980) Immunologic responses of cynomolgus monkeys after repeated inhalation exposures to enzymes and enzyme-detergent mixtures. Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, 52, 62-68. 

USE In photographic developers clarifying sugar remov -ing boiler scale, softening water manuf paper laundering tanning leather in detergent mixture. 

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