Detectors focal plane detector

For a radio astronomer, a star is a source of noise this noise can be detected and correlated from antenna to antenna in order to position precisely the source. For optical observer, the star is a source of photons, the unique photon goes through a variety of optical paths and materialize on the focal plane detector. 

Since modern FTIR spectrometers can operate in a rapid scan mode with approximately 50 ms time resolution, TRIR experiments in the millisecond time regime are readily available. Recent advances in ultra-rapid scanning FTIR spectroscopy have improved the obtainable time resolution to 5 ms. Alternatively, experiments can be performed at time resolutions on the order of 1-10 ms with the planar array IR technique, which utilizes a spectrograph for wavelength dispersion and an IR focal plane detector for simultaneous detection of multiple wavelengths. ... 

Detector focal planes the 850 xm focal plane instantaneously fully samples an area of sky, whilst the 450 xm is undersampled by a factor of 2. With over 10,000 pixels in total, the volume of readout electronics is considerably in excess of any previous instrument. 

Focal plane detectors are used primarily to detect ions separated in space by, for example, magnetic sector analyzers (see Section 2.2.2). The objective of an ideal focal plane detector is to simultaneously record the location of every ion in the spectrum. In many ways the photoplate (see Section 2.3.1) is the original focal plane detector, but it has today been more or less replaced with designs that rely on EM detectors (see Section 2.3.3). A common arrangement is to allow the spatially disperse ion beams simultaneously to impinge on an MCP (see Section 2.3.3.2). The secondary electrons generated by the ion impacts then strike a one- or two-dimensional array of metal strips and the current from the individual electrodes is recorded. A tutorial on the fundamentals of focal plane detectors is found in Reference 283. Reference 284 provides a relatively recent review of MS detector-array technology. 

K. Birkinshaw. Fundamentals of Focal Plane Detectors. J. Mass Spectrom., 32(1997) 795-806. 

Instrument that separates a beam of ions according to their m/z values in which the ions are directed onto a focal plane detector such as a photographic plate.1... 

Fig.1. Pictorial drawing of the RPMS. The beam inflector magnet is the first component at the left,followed by the bellows system and target chamber, aperature holder, quadrupole doublet, Wein filter(5 m. long),magnetic dipole and pivoting "tail" with quadrupole doublet and focal plane detectors at the right end.

For m/q 3 data 6He is a longlived beta background which is eliminated by setting the beta threshold at 2.5 MeV. 6He is eliminated from the m/q 3.5 data by stopping them in front of the focal plane detectors with brass defining slits. 

Arrivo SM, Kleiman VD, Dougherty TP, Heilweil EJ. Broadband femtosecond transient infrared spectroscopy using a 256 x 256 element indium antimonide focal-plane detector. Optics Lett 1997 22(19) 1488-1490. 

Griffiths et al. [36] described the analysis of HETE and diHETE by ESI-MS-MS of [M-H] on a sector-time-of-flight hybrid instrument equipped with a focal-plane detector. The HETE and diHETE could be analysed in underivatized form at the pmol level. The MS-MS spectra allow differentiation of isomeric eicosanoids. 

New hard X-ray (>10 keV) focusing techniques together with current astrophysical knowledge will put severe requirements on the development and design of focal plane detectors. In particular, for telescopes based on Bragg diffraction (Frontera and Pareschi, 1995 Christensen et al., 1995) operative between 10 keV up to -200 keV, high spatial resolution (-100 (im) and good spectroscopic performance (E/AE -20 60 keV) detectors are required for use as focal plane instruments. 

Leisawitz et al. (2003) proposed an extension of the FOV by using a focal plane detector array for optical wavelengths, technique called Wide-Field Imaging Interferometry. However, direct detector arrays in the Far Infrared are still expensive and a similar approach is not straightforward. 

In focal-plane detectors, the simultaneous detection of all spatially dispersed multiplex detection) ions is achieved, resulting in several orders of improvement in detection efficiency over that of focal-point detectors [87]. A photographic plate is the earliest example of focal-plane detection which in the past was used in conjunction with Mattauch-Herzog double-focusing mass spectrometers. 

The spectrograph is equipped with two position-sensitive parallel-plate avalanche counters for the detection of fission fragments in coincidence with proton ejectiles registered hy a light-ion focal plane detector (Zanotti et al. 1991). 

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