Detector installation

Loss control features include combustible gas detectors installed around the containment area and transfer system. A diesel-driven fire pump is capable of handling the emergency demand for 4 hr. A water deluge system has been installed around the storage tank and transfer pump. 

Collection of a spectrum relies on the ability of the detector to recognise the energy of each of the emitted photons. This particular detector, installed close to the sample to collect part of the X-ray fluorescence, is either a proportional gas counter (neon)... 

FID detector installed in parallel with an olfactometer capable of delivering the effluent from the column to the human sniffer. The column is installed in either the FID port or the olfactometer port, depending upon the mode of operation. Split effluents are not recommended. 

VW 5. Air bubbles in detector. 5. Purge detector. Install backpressure device after detector. 

Wire-guided float detector installation for high-pressure tanks. 

Evans, D. and Stroup, D., Methods to calculate the response time of heat and smoke detectors installed below large unobstructed ceilings. Fire Technology 1986, 22, 54-65. 

Fig. 2. Set-up of cyclotron trap, crystal spectrometer, and CCD detectors in LEAR, experiment PS207. For the pH measurement, the two-arm crystal spectrometer was equipped in total with 3 spherically-bent quartz crystals each reflecting to a separate X-ray detector. Further CCD detectors installed in the second bore hole of the cyclotron trap were used for direct measurements of antiprotonic X-rays...

Materials that have to be used in the km3 detector construction must resist to an extremely hostile environment where pressure ( 300 bar at 3000 m depth), together with salinity, reduce the lifetime of most metals and alloys used in surface and shallow water applications. NEMO is designing and realising underwater vessels (junction boxes and other submarine containers) decoupling the two problems an outer vessel, made of glass epoxy, resistant to marine corrosion is filled with not-corrosive oil. The inner pressure resistant vessel, made of common steal and pressure resistant, will host fragile electronic components. Another crucial point for deep sea detectors installation is feasibility and reliability of underwater connections. NEMO is studying the possibility to... 

As has already been explained for GC, the identification of a compound from its retention time alone can be uncertain. A more useful detector installed at the outlet of the column would be able to give complementary information about the compound being eluted. 

Energy dispersive instruments of small dimensions are reserved for both qualitative analysis and routine measurements (Figures 12.10 and 12.11). The spectrum is obtained by use of a detector installed quite close to the sample, which distinguishes the energy of each of the fluorescence photons captured. These instruments are equipped with either a small size and low power X-ray tube (around 10 W) or a radioactive source for field instruments. 

Some people worry that the radioactive substance in these detectors poses a risk, but the quantity of americium they contain is very small, and it s well shielded. Furthermore, since alpha particles travel only about five centimeters from their source, americium would only be dangerous if the source were eaten. So, don t eat smoke detectors. And, above all, remember that even the best smoke detector is useless if its battery doesn t work. Researchers report that about 25 percent of detectors installed in homes are nonfunctional, and this is mainly because the battery is dead or someone has removed it to power a toy. If you do that, you could be playing with your life. 

Radiotracers are widely used in science, engineering, medicine, and particularly industry (IAEA 2004). They are required to be physically and chemically compatible with the process material under investigation. By injecting a radiotracer into the system, the material becomes labeled with radioactivity and the radiotracer follows the process material through the plant Eventually its subsequent movement can be monitored and recorded by external radiation detectors installed prior to the injection (Charlton 1986). Radiotracers must be relatively easily and cheaply produced by nuclear reactors and accelerators. Their ch ical form is also important to ensure that they remain in the intended medium throughout monitoring they need to be in the same phase as the process medium, either in aqueous or organic phase. 

The transient magnetic resonance detector is set at a permanent position staying 300 meters away from the tunnel opening. Fig. 3 shows the detector installation project plan. 

Areas that could be flooded with nitrogen, carbon dioxide, or halon-like materials should have oxygen detectors installed. Their use is particularly important in electrical switch gear rooms because inert gases are used to suppress fires. It is vital to know if the inert gas is accidentally leaking into the confined space. 

Air bubbles in detector. Install backpressure regulator after detector. 

Purge detector. Install back pressure regulator after detector. Check the instmment manual, particularly for Rl detectors (excessive backpressure can cause the flow... 

Two types of plant protection system are provided, the neutron detector installed on the outside of the reactor vessel and the core outlet temperature detector in the reactor vessel. 

The detector infrastructure in the CMS cavern had to be ready well in advance of the detector installation. This included the installation and commissioning of the power supply system and the detector safety system. The cables and fibers between... 

Pre-action sprinkler system - this is a combination of a standard sprinkler system and an independent approved system of heat or smoke detectors installed in the same area as the sprinklers. Like dry pipe systems the pipes are filled with air but water is only let into the pipes when the detector operates. Pre-action systems... 

Humidity essentially exists everywhere on earth. It is necessary for most living things to have water in some form to survive. The maintenance of proper humidity is important in the growing of decorative plants and crops and it is desirable to control humidity to obtain the best flavor when food is being cooked. Control of humidity to obtain amenable conditions in working and leisure activities for high productivity and a more comfortable environment is also preferred. These are incentives to develop a compact, inexpensive water vapor detector. Installation of these sensors at specific sites would be effective to monitor and control humidity. 

The optics of many FT-IR microscopes are such that three identical Cassegrains are used, in which case the size of the sample image at the detector is identical to the size of the sample bein observed. Since the SNR of the baseline of an FT-IR spectrum is proportional to (see Eq. 7.8), it is beneficial to use detectors that are as small as possible for microscopy. The linear dimension of most detectors that are installed in FT-IR microscopes is 250 pm, which may be compared to a size of 1 or 2 mm for the detectors installed in the spectrometer. Had a 2-mm detector been installed in the microscope, the SNR of the spectrum would have been eight times worse. 

Gas detectors installed for the purposes of Ufe-safety and/or asset protection should not be installed to detect fugitive emissions, such as might occur around the packing of a valve stem. 

Figure 7 Evolution of the X-ray powder diffraction pattern of the natural zeolite garronite during the temperature-induced dehydration process. The date were collected using synchrotron radiation, a gas flow heater, a capillary sample, and an image plate detector installed on a translating camera.

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